林间套播条件下花生品种经济性状的变异性和聚类分析  

Variability and Cluster Analysis of Economic Traits of Peanut Cultivars Interplanted with Date Trees

作　　者：于伯成[1] 刘恒德[2] 张智猛 李荣莲[2] 肖英[4] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所,乌鲁木齐830091 [2]和田地区农业技术推广中心,新疆和田848000 [3]山东花生研究所,山东青岛266010 [4]新疆农业科学院农业质量标准与监测技术研究所,乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2014年第5期863-868,共6页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：科技支疆项目"适宜新疆林果业基地林间套种花生品种的引进筛选和栽培技术研究"

摘　　要：[目的]近十几年,新疆林果业发展迅速,果林间有超过60＆#215;104 hm2的耕地有待高效利用,套播种植花生是使该部分耕地得到有效利用的途径之一,研究筛选适宜林间套播的花生品种.[方法]比较不同花生品种在红枣林中套播,使用DPS统计分析软件,对花生产量等10个经济性状进行变异性分析和聚类分析,分析各个性状在套播种植条件下的变异性并对品种进行聚类比较.[结果]性状变异性分析表明：参试花生品种的10个经济性状变异系数在11.97％ ～50.12％,单株单果数变异系数最大,单粒单果重变异系数最小.参试品种最高单产为9 459.90 kg,较最低单产高4 279.95 kg,产量变异系数为21.84％.不同花生品种在红枣林中套播产量差异较大,筛选出在套种条件下实现丰产的品种是可行的.聚类分析表明,参试材料中有些品种遗传距离相对较远,品种类型较为多样,初步说明引种来源地有较为丰富的花生品种类型.不同引种来源地的花生品种通过聚类未被明显分开,说明各地品种就研究所涉及的性状而言基本处于同一水平.[结论]在六年生红枣林中套播种植花生时,不同品种产量等经济性状表现存在一定的差异.通过品种的引进和比较,筛选出适宜果林中套播种植的综合性状优良的花生品种.为满足南疆林间套播种植花生品种的生产需要,可以从山东、河南和河北引进比较筛选.[ Objective] In recent ten years, the fruit trees have been developed rapidly in Xinjiang. There is more than six hundred thousand hectare farmland that needs to be efficiently utilized in the fruit - bearing forest. The farmland might be reasonably used in cultivation of peanut. Suitable cultivars for this kind of planting must be the key to success. [ Method ] Datum gotten from the test that different peanut varieties interplanted with date trees were analyzed by using statistical software DPS. Variability and cluster analysis were carried out to probe into the traits variability of tested peanut cultivars and classify M1 the tested peanut culti- vars into different groups. [ Result] The variability analysis results showed that coefficient of variability of 10 traits was between ll. 97% - 50.12%. The highest yield was 9 459.90 kg per hectare. The coefficient of variability of yield was 21.84%. It showed that there was some difference in the yield of tested cultivars. It also indicated that it was likely to select higher yield peanut cultivars for interplanting in date trees. Cluster analy- sis results showed that there was relatively large genetic distance in tested peanut cuhivars and wide varieties of peanuts in the provinces from which all the tested cultivars were introduced. It also indicated that the cultivars from different provinces were at the same level according to their comprehensive traits. [ Conclusion ] There was some different in traits when tested cultivars were interplanted with 6 year - old date - trees. Good varie- ties could be selected out from the introduced cultivars by means of comparative triM. In a word, peanut culti- vars can be introduced from Henan, Shandong and Hebei Provinces and then be screened out to satisfy the production needs in the cotton and date intercropping fields in Southern Xinjiang.

关 键 词：花生 红枣林 套种 变异性 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S334.2[农业科学—作物遗传育种] S562.2[农业科学—农艺学]