新疆Bt棉田根际土壤微生物群落变化研究  

Changes in Rhizosphere Soil Microbial Community in Xinjiang Bt and non-Bt Cotton Fields

作　　者：王冬梅[1] 丁瑞丰[1] 李海强[1] 李号宾[1] 刘建[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院植物保护研究所/农业部西北荒漠绿洲作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室/农业部库尔勒作物有害生物综合治理科学观测试验站,乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2014年第5期885-892,共8页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：转基因生物新品种培育(2013ZX08011002)

摘　　要：[目的]通过分离Bt棉和常规棉根际土壤微生物,研究Bt棉对根际土壤微生物的种群影响.[方法]在2011 ～2012年间,采用平板计数法、稀释培养法和MPN（most probable number）法分析Bt棉中棉所41号和常规棉中棉所49号根际根际土壤微生物真菌、细菌和放线菌以及细菌功能类群在整个棉花生育期的数值变化.[结果]不同年度间,随着棉花发育期的推进,Bt棉和常规棉根际土壤中的真菌、放线菌、细菌和细菌不同功能类群的数量变化趋势基本一致,逐渐上升或下降,在棉花发育后期数量达到最大.不同棉花发育时期和不同品种间,Bt棉和常规棉根际土壤中的真菌、放线菌、细菌,包括不同细菌功能类群变化有明显差异,但无明显规律性,集中体现在蕾期、花铃期和吐絮期.Bt棉和常规棉根际土壤细菌功能类群的多样性指数、优势集中性指数和均匀度指数在5个棉花发育时期变化趋势基本一致,不同棉花发育时期,花铃期的各项特征参数最低,吐絮期最高;不同品种间,在苗期、蕾期、花铃期和收获期,Bt棉的数值高于常规棉,但无明显差异;在吐絮期则有明显差异,2011年和2012年各项特征参数结果相反.[结论]Bt棉和常规棉根际土壤微生物群落变化主要受到棉花发育期、棉花品种和年度季节交替的影响,短期内尚未发现Bt毒蛋白能够引起土壤根际微生物群落的变化.[ Objective ] To study the effects of Bt cotton on rhizosphere soil microbial community by isola- ting rhizosphere soil microbe of Bt and non - Bt cotton. [ Method] During 2011 -2012, such methods as plate counting, dilution culture and MPN （most probable number） were used to analyze amount changes of rhizosphere soil fungi, bacteria, aetinomyeete and bacteria functional groups of Bt cotton CCRI 41 and non- Bt cotton CCRI 49 during the whole cotton development period. [ Result] In different years, the trend of fun- gi, actinomycete bacteria and bacteria functional groups were basically consistent during cotton development period, which rose or decreased graduaUy and reached the top in the later cotton development period. With respect to different cotton development periods and cotton varieties, there was significant difference in fungi, actinomycete, bacteria, including different bacteria functional groups of Bt and non - Bt cotton rhizosphere soil. However, they showed no significant rules, pooling at squaring, flower and boll, boll - opening stages. There was similar pattern of Shannon - Wiener diversity index, Simpson index and Pielou index among different bac- teria functional groups. The various indexes were the lowest at flower - boll stage and the highest at boll - o- pening stage. Parameter of trait of the Bt cotton was higher than that of the non - Bt cotton at seedling, squa- ring, flower, boll and harvest stages, but no remarkable difference appeared. There was significant difference short time of period Bt toxin protein caused the changes of rhizosphere soil microbial community.

关 键 词：BT棉花 根际土壤 微生物群落 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学] S154.3