基于LEACH的无线传感器网络混合优化协议算法  

Hybrid optimization algorithm of low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchy protocol for wireless sensor networks

作　　者：沈梦南 耿生玲[1] 刘震[2] 

机构地区：[1]青海师范大学计算机学院,西宁810008 [2]日本长崎综合科学大学

出　　处：《计算机应用》2014年第8期2148-2154,共7页journal of Computer Applications

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(6126104);教育部"春晖计划"合作科研基金资助项目(Z2011026);青海省自然科学基金资助项目(2011-Z-902;2014-Z-910)

摘　　要：在无线传感器网络(WSN)协议研究中,降低节点的能量损耗、延长节点的使用寿命是研究的关键问题。针对无线传感器网络中传统LEACH协议在分簇机制及数据通信方面的不足,提出了一种混合优化的改进协议——HOBDE-LEACH。新的协议采用先分簇再选举簇头的策略,提出覆盖半径种子扫描成簇算法(CR-SSCA)进行快速分簇,保证对区域的全覆盖;网络运行期间结合能量和距离考虑负载均衡,分阶段采用不同的簇头选举和通信机制。仿真实验结果表明,与LEACH协议相比,HOBDE-LEACH的第一个节点死亡的轮循次数延长了66%,50%节点死亡时的网络轮循次数延长了20%;与LEACH-EI协议相比,所提协议的第一节点死亡的轮循次数延长了50%,50%节点死亡的网络轮循次数延长了19%。改进后的协议能有效地均衡网络负载和簇头节点能量消耗,更合理地分布簇头节点,延长网络生命周期。In the research of Wireless Sensor Network （WSN） protocol, the central topics are reducing the energy consumption of sensor nodes and prolonging the life of the network. Because of the weakness of Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy （LEACH） in clustering mechanism and data communications for WSN, a hybrid optimization protocol, called HOBDE-LEACH （Hybrid Optimization LEACH Protocol Based on Distance and Energy）, was proposed. In the new protocol, the strategy of dividing all nodes into clusters and then selecting head node in each cluster was adopted. The clustering algorithm of coverage radius and seed-scan （CR-SSCA） was introduced to fast clustering and guaranteed that the whole area would be covered. During the running of network, considering the load balance together with energy and distance, the different cluster head selections and communication mechanisms were adopted in different stages. The simulation results show that, compared with the LEACH protocol, the round robin of first node death is extended by 66% and the round robin of 50% nodes death is extended by 20% in HOBDE-LEACH protocol; Compared with the LEACH-EI protocol, the round robin of first node death is extended by 50%, the round robin of 50% node death is extended by 19%. The HOBDE-LEACH protocol can balance the network load and energy consumption of cluster heads effectively, distribute cluster nodes reasonably and prolong the lifetime of networks obviously.

关 键 词：无线传感器网络 路由协议 混合优化 

分 类 号：TP391[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术] TN915.04[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术]