建立膀胱肿瘤患者自我管理体系的研究  

Study for the establishment of self management system for patients with bladder cancer

作　　者：张晓丽[1] 乔够梅[1] 杏玲芝[1] 白玫[1] 焦鸿梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州军区兰州总医院,甘肃兰州730050

出　　处：《护士进修杂志》2014年第15期1349-1353,共5页Journal of Nurses Training

基　　金：兰州军区医药卫生科研基金课题(编号:CLZ11JC08)

摘　　要：目的构建膀胱肿瘤患者自我管理体系,研究自我管理对膀胱肿瘤患者自我护理能力的影响。方法通过文献资料法、理论分析法、质性研究法及德尔菲(Delphi)专家咨询法,制订膀胱肿瘤患者自我管理体系。对100例膀胱肿瘤化疗患者(干预组)应用构建的评价标准进行健康教育,并与采用常规健康教育的100例患者(对照组)进行调查及治疗效果分析。结果构建涵盖病情管理、日常生活管理、情绪管理、信息管理4大维度Ⅰ级指标4条、Ⅱ级指标12条、Ⅲ级指标50条的膀胱肿瘤尿路造口患者健康教育评价标准;通过护理干预,有效提高了膀胱肿瘤患者的自我护理能力及疾病相关知识掌握,差异有显著意义(P<0.01)。结论本研究应用Delphi法构建的测评指标体系,可为临床或社区护士评估膀胱肿瘤高危人群,开展有针对性的健康教育和指导提供科学依据;对膀胱肿瘤患者自我管理进行干预,能提高患者自我管理能力及生活质量。Objective To establish a self-management system for patients with bladder cancer, and to study the impact of self-management on self-care ability for patients with bladder cancer. Method A self management system was developed for patients with bladder cancer through literature, theoretical analysis, qualitative research and Delphi expert consultation method. 100 cases of bladder cancer patients with chemotherapy patients in study group was applied the established evaluation criteria for health education, investigation and treatment effect analysis. 100 patients with bladder cancer in control group was applied conventional health education. Result A health education evaluation system for bladder cancer patients with urinary stoma was established involved disease status management, daily life management, mood management and information management, including 4 dimension grade Ⅰ indicators 4 items, grade Ⅱ indicator 12 items, grade Ⅲ indicators 50 items. The disease-related knowledge and self-care ability for bladder cancer patients was effectively improved by nursing intervention. There was significant difference com- pared with control group（P〈0.01）. Conclusion The established evaluation index system for clinical or community nurses based on Delphi method was used to assess high-risk groups of bladder tumors, carry out targeted health education and provide guidance on scientific basis and self-management intervention for patients with bladder cancer. It can improve patient self-management capacity and quality of life.

关 键 词：膀胱肿瘤 自我管理行为 膀胱灌注 自我护理能力 护理 

分 类 号：R471[医药卫生—护理学] R473.73[医药卫生—临床医学]