煤矿采场围岩微震事件与支承压力分布关系  

Relationship between microseismic events and abutment pressure distribution in coal mining

作　　者：孔令海[1] 

机构地区：[1]煤炭科学研究总院矿山安全技术研究分院煤炭资源高效开采与洁净利用国家重点实验室,北京100013

出　　处：《采矿与安全工程学报》2014年第4期525-531,共7页Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(51304117);国家“十二五”科技重大专项项目(2011ZX05040-002-004);国家国际科技合作专项项目(2011DFA61790)

摘　　要：采用高密度微震检波器近距离布置方法和台网近场定位原则,结合采矿理论,分析了煤矿采场上覆岩层运动与围岩破裂、上覆岩层运动与支承压力分布、微震事件数量与支承压力分布等之间的关系,并进行了现场实测研究。研究结果表明,开采扰动造成上覆岩层运动和支承压力转移调整,是围岩破坏的根本原因;通过对采场围岩破裂和微震事件分布的分析,推断得到超前高应力分布范围为75 m和侧向高应力分布范围为35 m。采动围岩破裂范围和支承压力高应力分布范围取决于开采对岩层的扰动程度。采场围岩变形的现场实测表明,微震事件数量极值区与矿山压力显现明显范围相差19 m左右,综合考虑煤矿地层的层状特性和高应力作用下岩体破坏后变形显现的滞后性,现场实测证明了结果的合理性。研究结果为微震监测技术在采煤工程的应用提供了重要参考依据。In this paper, based on the close spacing layout method of high-density geophones and near-field location principle of microseismic network, combined with mining theory, we analyzed the relationships between overburden strata movement and strata fracture, overburden strata movement and abutment pressure distribution, microseismic events and abutment pressure distribution, et al, and con-ducted the field survey study. The results show that mining disturbance can cause overburden strata movement and abutment pressure adjustment, which is the root cause of surrounding rock fracturing. Through analysis of strata fracturing and microseismic event distribution, it is concluded that the high stress distribution range ahead of workface is 75 m and the lateral high stress distribution range is 35 m. Ranges of fractured strata and high stress distribution of abutment pressure are all depend on the degree of mining disturbance on stope strata. Measured results of strata deformation show that the distribution difference between the extreme zone of microseismic events and obvious scope of strata pressure is about 19 m. The test results have proved the rationality of research conclusion by considering the layered strata characteristics and hysteresis properties of deformation after strata failure under high stress.The study can provide reference to the microseismic monitoring in coal mining.

关 键 词：煤矿长壁采场 微震监测技术 上覆岩层运动 支承压力 围岩变形 

分 类 号：TU452[建筑科学—岩土工程]