2011—2013年医院感染现患率调查分析  

Investigation and Analysis on the Prevalence Rate of Nosocomial Infection of 2011-2013

作　　者：魏慧娴 吴永泉[1] 陈雯[1] 刘红莲[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建省龙岩市第一医院医院感染管理科,福建龙岩364000

出　　处：《中外医疗》2014年第19期4-7,共4页China & Foreign Medical Treatment

摘　　要：目的通过3年现患率调查,了解医院感染现患率、感染部位、感染高发科室及病原菌变化趋势,为医院感染的预防与控制提供依据。方法采用床旁调查和查阅在架病历相结合的方法,填写个案登记表及床旁调查表,对2011年9月8日,2012年8月17日,2013年8月16日住院患者进行调查分析。结果 2011年、2012年、2013年医院感染现患率分别为5.19%、7.14%、5.39%,例次感染率为5.96%、7.57%、5.91%,3年感染现患率差异无统计学意义(P﹥0.05)。医院感染部位以下呼吸道感染居首位,占54.5%,其次以表浅手术切口、泌尿道感染为主,各占12.5%、11.8%。感染居前6位的科室是重症医学科、神经外科、脊柱外科、针灸科、康复科、骨科。病原菌居前6位的是肺炎克雷伯菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、白假丝酵母菌。结论加强对感染高危部位及科室的监测与干预,降低医院感染的发生,根据病原菌调查结果指导经验用药,减少耐药菌的产生,促进该院医院感染管理。Objective To understand the prevalence rate of nosocomial infection, infection site, department with the high incidence of infection and the pathogenic change trend by investigating the prevalence rate of 3 years so as to provide a basis for the prevention and control of hospital infection. Methods Bedside investigation and consulting medical records in the shelves were used to investigate and analyze the patients hospitalized in our hospital on September 8, 2011, August 17, 2012, and August 16, 2013, and the registration form and bedside questionnaire were filled. Results The prevalence rate of nosocomial infection in 2011, 2012, 2013, was 5.19%, 7.14%, 5.39%, respectively, case infection rate was 5.96%, 7.57%, 5.91%, respectively, the difference between three years of infection prevalence rate was not statistically significant （P＆gt;0.05）. Among the sites of nosocomial infection, lower respiratory tract infection ranked first, accounting for 54.5%, followed by the superficial operation incision, urinary tract infection, each accounted for 12.5%, 11.8%. The top 6 ranked departments were ICU, Department of Neurosurgery, Spinal Surgery, Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Department of Rehabilitation and Department of Orthopedics. The top six pathogens were Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bauman acinetobacter, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. Conclusion In order to promote the management of nosocomial infection of our hospital, the monitoring and intervention of the infection sites and departments with high risk of infection should be strengthened for reducing the incidence of nosocomial infection, and experience of medication should be guided according to the survey results of pathogens for decreasing the production of drug resistant bacteria.

关 键 词：医院感染 现患率 调查分析 

分 类 号：R19[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]