早期系统心理干预对老年住院患者焦虑抑郁及自我效能的影响  

Effects of an early and systematic psychological intervention program on anxiety,depression and self-efficacy among elderly hospitalized patients

作　　者：李善玲[1] 徐玉林[2] 杨新丽[2] 周琛华[2] 廖珍惠 龚玉枝 黄红艳[2] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院附属梨园医院党委办公室,湖北武汉430077 [2]华中科技大学同济医学院附属梨园医院护理部,湖北武汉430077 [3]华中科技大学同济医学院附属梨园医院呼吸内科,湖北武汉430077

出　　处：《护理学杂志》2014年第15期73-75,共3页

基　　金：湖北省卫生厅科研项目(JX5B56)

摘　　要：目的了解老年住院患者焦虑抑郁的发生状况,探讨早期系统心理护理对其焦虑抑郁及自我效能的影响。方法将135例入院早期伴有焦虑抑郁的老年患者按时间顺序分为干预组(67例)和对照组(68例),对照组给予一般心理支持,干预组在此基础上给予早期系统心理干预,包括建立良好的护患关系、专业的心理干预、增强自我效能感、集体心理治疗等,干预2周后评价效果。结果老年早期住院患者焦虑抑郁发生率为46.7%,两组干预前后焦虑、抑郁及自我效能得分比较,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.01),但干预组焦虑和抑郁得分显著低于对照组,自我效能得分显著高于对照组(均P<0.01)。结论老年住院患者焦虑抑郁发生率较高,早期系统心理干预能有效降低其焦虑抑郁的负性情绪,增强自我效能感。Objective To describe anxiety and depression among elderly hospitalized patients, and to explore the effects of an early and systematic psychological intervention program on anxiety, depression and self-efficacy among elderly hospitalized patients. Methods A total of 135 elderly patients who experienced anxiety and depression in the early hospitalization were randomized into a control group （n= 68） and an intervention group （n= 67） according to chronological order. The control group was given routine psychological care, while the intervention group additionally received early and systematic psychological interventions： establishing a close nurse-patient relationship, providing psychological care, enhancing patients＇ self-efficacy, and giving group-based psycho- therapy. Effects were evaluated after 2 weeks. Results The incidence of anxiety and depression among elderly hospitalized patients was 46.7 % in the early hospitalization. The scores of anxiety, depression, and self-efficacy evaluated at the end of the inter ven- tion in both groups had significant differences when compared to the baseline values （P〈0.01 for all）. Compared with the control group, the scores of anxiety and depression were significantly lower, whereas the score of self-efficacy was significantly higher in the intervention group after the intervention（P〈0.01 for all）. Conclusion The incidence of anxiety and depression among elderly hospitalized patients is relatively high. Early and systematic psychological interventions can effectively reduce their anxiety and de- pression, and enhance their self-efficacy.

关 键 词：焦虑 抑郁 自我效能 系统心理干预 住院患者 老年人 

分 类 号：R471[医药卫生—护理学] R473.5[医药卫生—临床医学]