肺血管炎的研究进展  

Advance in the pulmonary vasculitis in children

作　　者：刘秀云[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院呼吸科、国家临床重点专科小儿呼吸专业、国家呼吸系统疾病临床医学研究中心,100045

出　　处：《中华实用儿科临床杂志》2014年第15期1127-1131,共5页Chinese Journal of Applied Clinical Pediatrics

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划（2012BAI03802）

摘　　要：儿童血管炎分为大血管炎、中血管炎和小血管炎.肺血管炎可影响任何血管,包括大小不同的血管,影响肺微脉系统的血管炎称为肺毛细血管炎.肺血管炎常见的为肉芽肿性多血管炎、显微镜下多血管炎和变应性肉芽肿血管炎,少见的肺血管炎包括过敏性紫癜,多发性大动脉炎,巨细胞动脉炎,冷球蛋白血症,结节性多动脉炎,白塞病.肺部血管炎的表现包括肺泡出血、咯血、贫血、肺部渗出影,也可以表现为咳嗽、发热、体质量减轻等非特异表现.诊断主要依据临床症状、体征和抗中性粒细胞胞质抗体阳性或肺活检诊断.大血管炎可采用彩色多普勒和血管磁共振检查协助诊断.治疗主要应用糖皮质激素,部分可加用免疫抑制剂.Vasculitis is divided into large,medium-sized,small vasculitis based on the size of the affect vessel.Pulmonary vasculitis may affect any vessel of the lung.It was pulmonary capillaritis if capillary vessels were involved.The common pulmonary vasculitis were granulomatosis polyangiitis,microscopic polyangiitis,allergic granulomatosis angitis,the less common pulmonary vasculitis were Schonlein-Henoch purpura,Takayasu＇arteritis,Giant-cell arteritis,cryglobulinemia,polyarteritis nodosa,and Bechet＇disease.The clinical features of the pulmonary vasculitis were alveolar hemorrhage,hemoptysis,anemia and pulmonary infiltration,other clinical manifestation were cough,fever,weight loss.The diagnosis of the pulmonary vasculitis was based on the clinical symptoms,signs and positive anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies or lung biopsy.Large vasculitis was diagnosised by the magnetic resonance imaging and colour Doppler ultrasonography.The glucocorticoid and immunosuppressant was used in the treatment of the vasculitis.

关 键 词：肺血管炎 肉芽肿性多血管炎 显微镜下多血管炎 变应性肉芽肿性血管炎 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科]