甘草野生抚育技术研究Ⅰ——灌溉和地下茎长度对成活率、药材产量及质量的影响  

Wild-tending techniques study on Glycyrrhiza uralensis Ⅰ-effect of irrigation and rhizome length on survival ratio,yield and quality

作　　者：李莉[1] 魏胜利[2,3] 王文全[2,4,3] 施桦 户田则明 郭争争[2] 任广喜[2] 

机构地区：[1]长春中医药大学药学院,吉林长春130117 [2]北京中医药大学中药学院,北京100102 [3]中药材规范化生产教育部工程研究中心,北京100102 [4]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院药用植物研究所,北京100094 [5]中国医药保健品股份有限公司,北京100061 [6]株式会社ツムラ

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2014年第15期2863-2867,共5页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30171141;30572328;30400588);北京市自然科学基金项目(7122094)

摘　　要：采用田间试验研究了灌溉和地下茎(种栽)长度对甘草仿野生栽培成活率、药材产量和质量的影响。结果发现增加地下茎(种栽)长度可显著提高不定根分生数量和移栽成活率,但是对于甘草酸含量没有显著影响。此外,栽培3年后,不定根中甘草酸平均质量分数可达到3.03%,地下茎(种栽)的平均质量分数可保持在2.12%,说明其所产药材质量远远高于种子繁殖的人工甘草,这一现象可以用"野生甘草药用成分合成惯性假说"解释。但是,从药材产量看栽植3年后最高平均每公顷产量仅能达到945 kg。因此,通过人工栽植野生甘草地下茎进行甘草仿野生栽培,可以快速而稳定的获得优质甘草药材,但今后还有待于在如何提高药材产量方面进一步开展工作。This research aimed at studying the effects of irrigation and rhizome length on the survival of ratio,yield and quality of Glycyrrhiza uralensis in wild tending condition.Employed the split-block design to carry out the field experiment,sampled with the quadrat method to measured the relative growth indexes and to estimate the yield,used the HPLC（high performance liquid chromatography） method to measure the glycyrrhizin in the rhizome and adventitious root of the G.uralensis in this study.The quantity of the adventitious roots and the survival ratio were increased significantly as the length of the rhizome increased（P 0.01）,but the length of the rhizome had no remarkable effect on the content of glycyrrhizin.The average content of the glycyrrhizin in the adventitious root and rhizome could reach 3.03% and 2.12% after 3-year wild tending,respectively,and this results indicated that the quality of the glycyrrhiza using this method was much better than that from cultured glycyrrhiza with the reproducing method of seeding.so using the rhizome as reproductive material to produce the glycyrrhiza under the wild tending condition could get the high quality glycyrrhiza quickly and steadily,this phenomenon could be explained by the Hypothesis of synthetic inertia of the medicinal components from the wild material of G.uralensis.But the maximum yield with this method was just more than 945 kg·hm- 2 in this study.So the further work of how to increase the yield in the practical application with the method found in this study need to be done in the next research.

关 键 词：甘草 无性繁殖 仿野生栽培 资源保护 

分 类 号：S567.71[农业科学—中草药栽培]