呼吸内科下呼吸道感染病原菌及耐药性分析  

Pathogens and drug resistance of lower respiratory tract infections in the department of respiratory medicine

作　　者：刘波[1] 宋卓[1] 宋铁友[1] 

机构地区：[1]齐齐哈尔医学院附属第三医院呼吸一科,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2014年第15期3653-3654,3657,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：齐齐哈尔市科技局研究基金资助项目(PXH-DX-87690522)

摘　　要：目的探讨呼吸内科下呼吸道感染患者的病原菌分布与耐药性，为医院感染控制与治疗下呼吸道感染提供参考依据。方法采取回顾性方法对医院呼吸内科2011年1月一2012年12月70例下呼吸道感染患者痰标本进行病原菌检测及耐药性分析，数据采用SPSS18．0进行统计分析。结果70例下呼吸道感染患者痰标本共检出80株病原菌，检出革兰阴性菌、革兰阳性菌及真菌分别占60．00％、31．25％及8．75％；革兰阴性菌对头孢他啶、环丙沙星、替卡西林、庆大霉素的耐药率为90．00％～100．00％，对亚胺培南和哌拉西林的耐药率最低；革兰阳性菌对青霉素G、利福平、庆大霉素、左氧氟沙星、四环素、红霉素、环丙沙星的耐药率在66．70％～100．00％，对万古霉索、磺胺甲嘌唑／甲氧苄啶、利奈唑胺耐药率最低。结论呼吸内科下呼吸道感染患者主要以革兰阴性菌为主，并且存在较广泛的耐药性，临床中应加强抗菌药物的管理，减少耐药菌株的产生，提高临床治疗效果。OBJECTIVE To investigate distribution and drug resistance oi pathogens for tower respiratory tract infections in the department of respiratory medicine and provide a reference for hospital treatment and control of lower respiratory tract infections. METHODS Sputum specimens from 70 patients with lower respiratory tract infections during Jan. 2011 to Dec. 2012 in the department of respiratory medicine were analyzed for pathogen detection and drug resistance with retrospective approaches. Data were analyzed with SPSS 18.0. RESULTS A total of 80 pathogens were detected from the 70 patients, mainly including gram-negative bacteria （60.0%）, gram-positive bacteria （31.25%） and fungi （8.75%）. The resistance rate of gram-negative bacteria to ceftazi- dime, ciprofloxacin, ticarcillin, and gentamicin was 90.0～100.0%, and was the lowest to imipenem and piperacillin. The resistance rate of gram-positive bacteria to penicillin G, rifampin, gentamicin, levofloxacin, tetracycline, erythromycin, ciprofloxacin was between 66.70% ～ 100.0% and was the lowest to vancomycin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, and linezolid. CONCLUSION Lower respiratory tract infection in the department of respiratory medicine was mainly due to gram-negative bacteria, and there is a wide range of drug resistance, clinical management of antimicrobial drugs should be strengthened to reduce the drugresistant strains, and to improve clinical outcomes.

关 键 词：呼吸内科 下呼吸道感染 病原菌 药敏试验 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]