成人及儿童社区与医院获得肺炎链球菌的耐药性分析  

Analysis on drug resistance of community acquired and hospital acquired Streptococcus pneumoniae in adults and children

作　　者：张勇昌[1] 张九进[1] 陈月新[1] 赖伟忠[1] 

机构地区：[1]玉林市第一人民医院检验科,广西玉林537000

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2014年第15期3661-3662,3667,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：玉林市科技基金资助项目(13036006)

摘　　要：目的探讨成人及儿童社区与医院获得肺炎链球菌对常用抗菌药物的耐药性,为临床合理用药提供参考依据。方法对2010年1月-2012年12月分离肺炎链球菌411株,采用法国生物梅里埃公司的VITEK-2Compact全自动细菌鉴定仪进行鉴定及药物敏感试验,采用SPSS 17.0统计软件进行分析。结果共411株肺炎链球菌社区获得肺炎链球菌为349株,成人占23.50%、儿童占76.50%;医院获得肺炎链球菌62株,成人占51.61%、儿童占48.39%;儿童社区获得与医院获得肺炎链球菌对青霉素、阿莫西林、红霉素、磺胺甲噁唑/甲氧苄啶、头孢噻肟的耐药率均高于成人社区获得与医院获得肺炎链球菌,而对左氧氟沙星、莫西沙星的耐药率低于成人社区获得与医院获得肺炎链球菌,差异均有统计学意义。结论儿童社区获得肺炎链球菌对β-内酰胺抗菌药物的耐药率高于成人,临床治疗应减少经验性用药,建议依据药敏结果选择抗菌药物进行治疗。OBJECTIVE To discuss the drug resistance of community acquired and hospital acquired Streptococcus pneumoniae to commonly antibiotics used in adults and children, so as to provide the basis for the clinical medication. METHODS Using the France Biomeriex VITEK-2 Compact, 411 strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae from Jan. 2010 to Dec. 2012 were isolated and tested for the drug sensitivity. Data were analyzed by SPSS 17.0. RESULTS Among 411 strains of S. pneumoniae, 349 were community acquired, including 23.50% in adults, 76.50% in children and 62 were hospital acquired, including 51.61% in adults, 48.39% in children. The resistance rates of community and hospital acquired Streptococcus pneumoniae to penicillin, amoxicilin, erythromyein, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, and cefotaxime in children were significanty higher than that in adults, while the resistances to levofloxacin and moxifloxaein were significanty lower than that in adults. CONCLUSION The drug resistance of community acquired S. pneumoniae in children to β-lactam antibiotics were higher than that in adults, so clinicians should reduce the empirical drug use in clinical treatment and it is suggested to choose proper antibacterial agents according to drug sensitivity.

关 键 词：成人 儿童 肺炎链球菌 耐药性 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]