流感嗜血菌的临床分布及耐药性分析  

Clinical distribution and antimicrobial resistance of Hemophilus influenza

作　　者：闵小春[1] 罗少锋[1] 王威[1] 刘东华[2] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院附属普爱医院检验科,湖北武汉430033 [2]孝感市中心医院检验科,湖北孝感432000

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2014年第15期3665-3667,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：湖北省科技厅自然科学基金资助项目(2012FFC120)

摘　　要：目的了解流感嗜血菌的科室、标本及年龄分布特点，监测其对抗菌药物的耐药性，指导临床合理选用抗菌药物。方法收集2010年7月一2012年12月门诊及住院患者送检标本分离的115株流感嗜血菌，采用WHONET5．6软件对所有数据进行统计分析。结果共收集流感嗜血菌115株，主要来自儿科21株占18．3％；91株分离自痰标本占79．1％；60岁以上患者分离65株占56．5％，95．2％的菌株来自3月龄～3岁的婴幼儿；流感嗜血菌对磺胺甲嗯唑／甲氧苄啶、氨苄西林的敏感性较低，分别为42．7％和60．5％。结论头孢类、喹诺酮类以及阿奇霉素等药物对流感嗜血菌仍保持较好的抗菌活性，磺胺甲嗯唑／甲氧苄啶及氨苄西林敏感性较低。OBJECTIVE To understand department, specimen and age distribution and antimicrobial resistance of Hemophilus influenza （HIN） to provide the guidance for clinically rational application of antibiotics. METHODS A total of 115 clinical isolates of HIN were collected from Jul. 2010 to Dec. 2012. The WHONET 5.6 software was used to analyze antimicrobial resistance. RESULTS A total of 115 isolates of HIN were collected, among which 21 isolates, accounting for 18.3%, were from Department of pediatrics. The 91 HIN strains which were isolated from the sputum accounted for 79.1%. The 65 HIN were obtained from the eldly over the age of 60, accounting for 56.5M. The 95.2% of HIN from the children were collected from 3 months to 3 years old children. Susceptibility rates of sulfadiazine/trimethoprim and ampicillin were the lower, arriving at 42. 7%% and 60.5%, respectively. CONCLUSION Cephalosporins, quinolones and azithromycin still kept higher antibacterial activity to HIN. The application of sulfadiazine/trimethoprim and ampicillin should be in accordance to the susceptibility testing results because of their lower drug susceptibility.

关 键 词：流感嗜血菌 耐药性 抗菌药物 Β-内酰胺酶 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]