医务人员锐器伤调查分析及管理对策  

The investigation of injury for medical staff by sharp instrument and it′s control countermeasures

作　　者：李嫦珍[1] 刘淑萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省磐安县人民医院护理部,浙江磐安县322300

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2014年第15期3864-3866,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：磐石县科技局基金资助项目(200835)

摘　　要：目的了解医务人员锐器伤发生的情况,探讨有效的控制管理策略。方法回顾性调查2011年1月-2012年12月依据医疗锐器伤发生后登记上报的35名医务人员,对锐器伤发生的人群、地点、时间、原因、锐器种类、操作环节以及病原体分布和锐器伤发生后的处置等因素进行分析。结果暴露发生率从高到低依次为护士、医师、护工,分别占65.7%、28.6%、5.7%;暴露发生的主要环节操作中占71.4%、操作后的整理占14.3%;在致伤锐器中注射器针头占42.9%、手术缝针占25.7%;暴露发生的时间采血、穿刺或拔针时占34.3%,手术、清创缝合时占20.0%。结论护士、低年资医务人员是锐器伤的高危人群,操作不规范、防护不当是锐器伤发生的主要原因;加强医务人员的职业安全教育,规范安全操作行为,执行职业安全防护,加强监管力度是减少医务人员锐器伤发生的有效控制措施。OBJECTIVE To understand the situation of injury for medical staff by sharp instrument, and explore the effective control of management strategies. METHODS From Jan. 2011 to Dec. 2012, a total of 35 medical staff injured by sharp instrument got retrospective study. The sharp instrument injury group, places, time, reasons, types of the instruments, disposal, pathogen segment and treatment after the injury occurred were analyzed. RESULTS The exposure rate from high to low were nurses, doctors and nursing workers, accounting for 65.7%, 28.6% and 5.7% respecitively. The main time of exposure, during the operation, accounting for 71.4%, and after the operation, accounting for 14.3%. In the types of instruments causing injury, syringe needle accounted for 42.9%, surgical suture needle accounted for 25.7%. the time that exposure happened, blood sampling, puncture and needle injection accounted for 34. 3%, during the operation and debridement accounted for 20. 0%. CONCLUSION Nurses, junior medical staff are the high risk group of people geting sharp instrument injury, unstandard operation, inadequate protection are the main causes of sharp instrument injury. Strengthening occupa- tion safety education of medical personnel, standardizing security operations, implementing occupation safety protection and strengthening supervision are the effective control measures to reduce medical personnel injuries.

关 键 词：医务人员 锐器伤 控制管理 

分 类 号：R197.322[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]