Comparative study of chemical composition, antinociceptive effect and acute toxicity of the essential oils of three Asarum drugs  

三种细辛挥发油的化学成分、镇痛作用及急性毒性实验的比较研究(英文)

作　　者：王冰冰[1] 齐文[1] 王莉莉[1] 孔德强[1] 鹿野美弘[1] 李晶欣[1] 袁丹[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳药科大学中药学院,辽宁沈阳110016

出　　处：《Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences》2014年第7期480-489,共10页中国药学（英文版）

基　　金：the National Science and Technology Support Program during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan of China(Grant No.2011BAI03B05);the Distinguished Professor Foundation of Liaoning Province of China of 2011,Innovative Drug Incubation Base Plan Project from Liaoning Province of China of 2013(Grant No.2013226027); National College Students Innovative and Entrepreneurial Training Program of China(Grant No.201310163019)

摘　　要：In the present study, the chemical composition, antinociceptive effect and acute toxicity of essential oils（EOs） of Asarum heterotropoides Fr. Schmidt var. mandshuricum（Maxim.） Kitag.（AHM）, A. sieboldii Miq. var. seoulense Nakai（ASS） and A. himalaicum Hook. f. et Thoms. ex Klotzsch.（AH） were comparatively evaluated. A total of 55 compounds were identified in EOs of AHM, ASS and AH by GC-MS. Methyleugenol（20.16%–62.89%）, safrole（2.67%–32.42%）, 3,5-dimethoxytoluene（2.00%–18.59%） and eucarvone（1.52%–19.16%） were the major constituents of EO of AHM, and methyleugenol（48.35%–61.06%）, eucarvone（11.13%–13.93%） and elemicin（4.79%–11.14%） were the major constituents of EO of ASS. The EO of AH was different from that of AHM and ASS, in which patchouli alcohol（27.42%–51.95%） and elemicin（13.11%–42.23%） were found in a greater amount. Moreover, the antinociceptive effect of EOs of AHM（5.5, 11.0, 16.5 μL/kg） and AH（2.0, 4.0, 6.0 μL/kg） was comparatively assayed in acetic acid-induced writhing, hot plate and formalin tests. The results indicated a weak central, but potent peripheral antinociceptive effect of EO of AHM, and more potent central and peripheral antinociceptive effect of EO of AH. The LD50 of the EOs of AHM and AH were 1.7 and 7.7 mL/kg, respectively. These findings suggest that EOs of AHM and AH possess evident antinociceptive activity and are probably safe within the range of its clinical doses. However, their chemical compositions are quite different. Therefore, AH can be clinically used as an herbal medicinal product with broad analgesic effects, but should not be confused with AHM and ASS used in traditional Chinese medicine.对比研究了北细辛、汉城细辛和单叶细辛挥发油的化学成分,镇痛作用及急性毒性。采用GC-MS法分析三种细辛挥发油,共鉴定出55种成分,其中北细辛挥发油主要成分为甲基丁香酚,黄樟醚,3,5-二甲氧基甲苯和优葛缕酮;汉城细辛挥发油主要成分为甲基丁香酚,优葛缕酮和榄香脂素。区别于前两者,单叶细辛挥发油主要成分为广霍香醇和榄香素。此外,本实验采用醋酸扭体法,热板法及福尔马林法比较了北细辛和单叶细辛挥发油的镇痛作用。结果表明,北细辛挥发油具有较弱的中枢镇痛但较强的外周镇痛作用;单叶细辛挥发油具有较强的中枢和外周镇痛作用。急性毒性实验结果表明,北细辛和单叶细辛挥发油的LD50分别为1.7和7.7 mL/kg。以上结果说明,北细辛和单叶细辛挥发油均具有较强的镇痛活性和良好的安全性,但是两者的化学成分存在明显差异。因此,在临床上单叶细辛可作为一种天然药物进行使用,但应区别于传统药物北细辛和汉城细辛。

关 键 词：Asarum heterotropoides var.mandshuricum A.sieboldii var.seoulens A.himalaicum Essential oil Antinociceptive effect Acute toxicity 

分 类 号：R284[医药卫生—中药学] O657.63[医药卫生—中医学]