干法与湿法凝胶纺丝UHMWPE纤维的结构与性能  

Structure and properties of UHMWPE fibers prepared by dry and wet gel spinning processes

作　　者：王萍[1] 王新威[1,2] 张玉梅[1] 侯秀红[1] 李建龙 赵春保 

机构地区：[1]上海化工研究院技术开发中心,上海200062 [2]上海市聚烯烃催化技术重点实验室,上海200062 [3]上海联乐化工科技有限公司,上海201512

出　　处：《合成纤维工业》2014年第4期67-70,共4页China Synthetic Fiber Industry

基　　金：上海市启明星项目(13QB1402000);上海市科技攻关项目(13521101500)

摘　　要：比较干法与湿法凝胶纺丝工艺制得超高相对分子质量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)纤维的性能特征;采用扫描电镜观察纤维的表面形貌,利用X射线衍射计算其结晶度、晶粒尺寸及取向度,利用差示扫描量热仪测试纤维热性能等,并测试其力学性能及密度。结果表明:干法工艺制得的UHMWPE纤维较湿法工艺制得的纤维表面更为光滑、平整;采用干法工艺制得的纤维结晶度为72.54%,湿法工艺制得的为70.20%,两种工艺制得纤维均有较高的取向度;干法工艺制得的纤维断裂强度为31.87 cN/dtex,湿法工艺制得的为29.10cN/dtex,干法工艺制得的纤维力学性能更好;干法工艺制得的纤维密度增加得更大,熔点及熔融起始温度高,熔程短。The properties and characteristics of ultrahigh-relative molecular weight polyethylene （UHMWPE） fibers were com- pared by dry spinning process and wet spinning process. The surface morphology of the fibers was observed by scanning electron microscopy. The crystallinity, crystal size and orientation degree were calculated by X-ray diffraction analysis. The thermal prop- erties of the fibers were measured by differential scanning calorimetry. The mechanical properties and density of the fibers were also measured. The results showed that the UHMWPE fiber prepared by dry spinning process had smoother and evener surface than that prepared by wet spinning process; the crystallinity of the fiber prepared by dry spinning process was 72.54% when the crystallinity of the fiber prepared by wet spinning process was 70.20% ; the fibers prepared by these two spinning processes both had relatively high orientation degree; the fiber had the breaking strength of 31.87 cN/dtex as prepared by dry spinning process and 29.10 cN/dtex as prepared by wet spinning process; the fiber prepared by dry spinning process exhibited better mechanical properties, greater density, higher melting point and initial melting temperature and shorter melting range.

关 键 词：超高相对分子质量聚乙烯纤维 干法 湿法 结构 热性能 力学性能 

分 类 号：TQ340.14[化学工程—化纤工业]