墨西哥革命制度党执政的经验教训  

The Institutional Revolutionary Party in Mexico:Historical Experiences and Lessons

作　　者：杨建民[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院拉丁美洲研究所,北京100007

出　　处：《拉丁美洲研究》2014年第4期10-15,79,共6页Journal of Latin American Studies

摘　　要：革命制度党在指导思想上奉行"革命民族主义",将1917年宪法作为自己的执政纲领,通过国有化和土地改革丰富了执政资源、通过建立职团主义政治模式巩固了党与工农组织的联系、增强了自身执政能力,创造了"墨西哥奇迹";20世纪80年代以来,革命制度党逐渐背弃"革命民族主义",修改宪法,停止土地改革,开始实行新自由主义改革和私有化,该党的执政资源逐渐减少以致丧失群众基础,职团结构和庇护主义体系的瓦解损害了党的执政能力,最终使其在选举中落败。2000年下台后,革命制度党总结了其长期执政期间的经验教训,实现了从"官方党"向议会民主政党的转型,在2012年再次上台执政。As a prominent advocate of revolutionary nationalism,the Institutional Revolutionary Party(PRI) in Mexico regarded the 1917 Constitution as its guiding principle and endeavored to promote nationalization and land reform.It succeeded in integrating corporatist organizations such as worker' s unions and farmers associations into the party,and thus greatly consolidated its social base.In the 1980 s,the PRI began to launch a neo-liberalism reform in Mexico.Consequently,revolutionary nationalism was abandoned and land reform ceased.The reform reduced PRI' s social base and caused the collapse of the party' s corporatist structure.As a result,PRI forfeited its longterm ruling status in the presidential election of the year 2000.

关 键 词：墨西哥 革命制度党 革命民族主义 职团主义 新自由主义 

分 类 号：D05[政治法律—政治学]