通道侗语声母的不送气化现象--兼与赣语比较  

Deaspiration of Initials in Tongdao Kam Language:with Reference to Parallel Phenomenon in the Gan Dialect

作　　者：曹志耘[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京语言大学校办,100083

出　　处：《民族语文》2014年第3期37-44,共8页Minority Languages of China

摘　　要：本文指出湖南通道黄土侗语的送气声母正处于"不送气化"的过程中,该变化是以声调"送气调-不送气调"对立为条件的一种音系简化方式。赣语部分方言古次清声母和古全浊声母在合流之后的演变中,也发生"不送气化",但赣语的"不送气化"是以声母"浊-清"对立为条件的。侗语和赣语声母"不送气化"的原理都是在两组区别性特征平行存在的情况下,舍弃老特征,保留新特征。This paper points out that the aspirated initials in the Huangtu variety of Tongdao Kam language spoken in Hunan province are undergoing deaspiration, which is a process of phonological reduction conditioned by the tonal distinction of aspirated versus unaspirated initials. While in some varieties of the Gan Chinese dialect deaspiration occurs in the merging process of reflexes from middle Chinese aspirated voiceless initials and their voiced counterparts, that is, deaspiration in the Gan dialect has been triggered by the contrast between voiced and voiceless initials. The principle shared by the deaspiration of initials in both Kam and Gan, though conditioned by two different but parallel sets of phonological distinctive features, can be generalized as maintaining the new features while abandoning the old ones.

关 键 词：全浊声母 气化 赣语 侗语 通道 区别性特征 送气 音系 

分 类 号：H272[语言文字—少数民族语言] H175