塔里木盆地下古生界海相碳酸盐岩油气的特殊性  

Particularities of Hydrocarbon in Lower Paleozoic Marine Carbonate Rocks in Tarim Basin

作　　者：邬光辉[1] 刘虎[2] 石晓龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学海洋学院 [2]中国石油塔里木油田公司

出　　处：《海相油气地质》2014年第3期1-7,共7页Marine Origin Petroleum Geology

摘　　要：勘探开发资料的综合分析表明,塔里木盆地寒武系—奥陶系以石灰岩储层为主的碳酸盐岩油气藏复杂多样,不同于世界典型的中新生界海相碳酸盐岩。塔里木盆地下古生界碳酸盐岩在地质条件方面存在四大特性:(1)小克拉通多旋回构造运动,构造改造强烈;(2)烃源岩古老,海西晚期石油资源与喜马拉雅晚期天然气资源造成盆地富油也富气;(3)石灰岩为主的次生改造型储层非均质性极强;(4)埋深大,储盖组合较差。塔里木盆地海相碳酸盐岩油气藏具有四大特性:(1)以非构造油气藏为主;(2)经历多期油气充注与调整改造,流体性质复杂多变;(3)大面积、中低储量丰度的小型油气藏叠置连片;(4)油气水产出复杂,油气产量主要来自少量高效井。Based on the comprehensive analysis of a great number of exploration and development data, it is shown that the Cambrian-Ordovician limestone-predominated carbonate hydrocarbon reservoirs in Tarim Basin are quite multifarious and complicated and they are different from the typical Meso-Cenozoic carbonate reservoirs in the world. The Lower Paleozoic carbonate hydrocarbon reservoirs present four particular features in geological conditions in this basin： 1） Multi-period tectonic movements in the small craton have brought about intensive structural reformations on hydrocarbon accumulation. 2） Contributing to the late Hercynian hydrocarbon charge and the late Himalayan gas enrichment, the basin is rich in both oil and gas resources on the basis of ancient Cambrian-Ordovician source rocks. 3） Most of limestone-predominated reservoirs with reformed secondary pores are of low matrix porosity and permeability and excessive heterogeneity. 4） Carbonate reservoirs are deep buried more than 5000m with poor reservoir-cap assemblages in the basin. The Lower Paleozoic reformed marine carbonate reservoirs in the basin are characterized in four aspects： 1） The non-structural hydrocarbon reservoirs are dominant. 2） Due to multi-period charges and adjustments of the hydrocarbon reservoirs, the fluids inside are complicated and varied in property. 3） The small-scale oil and gas pools that distributed in large area with low and medium size reserve abundance are superposed and/or continued one after another. 4） Outputs of fluids（oil, gas and water） are intricate and the oil/gas production is commonly sustained by a smal number of high-yielded wel s.

关 键 词：塔里木盆地 下古生界 碳酸盐岩油气藏 成藏条件 油气特征 

分 类 号：TE122.2[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]