离子交换法分离溶液中钒与铬的研究  

Study on Separation of Vanadium and Chromium by Ion Exchange Resin

作　　者：李鸿乂[1] 李翠[1] 张梦[1] 谢兵[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆大学材料科学与工程学院,重庆400044

出　　处：《钢铁钒钛》2014年第3期5-9,共5页Iron Steel Vanadium Titanium

基　　金：中央高校基金(No.CDJRC10130010)资助项目

摘　　要：钒和铬以V(V)与Cr(VI)的形式存在沉钒废水中,降低该废液环境污染性的同时能有效回收其有价金属元素,显得尤为重要。通过某种阴离子交换树脂选择性吸附废液中V(V)的方法从而实现钒与铬的分离及提取的目的。树脂吸附钒之前,废液中的V(V)及Cr(VI)先被还原至V(IV)与Cr(III),V(IV)进而被氧化至V(V),然而Cr(III)不被氧化,仍以三价阳离子态存在于废液。研究了吸附的温度、时间、废液pH值、杂质离子浓度及V(V)浓度对该树脂吸附V(V)的影响,优化了吸附的条件参数。试验结果表明钒及铬的总回收率分别为72%、95%,其终产品纯度分别为96%、93%。Vanadium and chromium respectively exist as V（ V） and Cr（ VI） in the waste water produced in the procedure of vanadium precipitation. It is a particularly significant issue to reduce the environmental pollution by the waste water and recover the valuable metals simultaneously. An anion exchange resin was used to realize the separation and extraction of vanadium and chromium from the waste water by absorbing V（ V） selectively. Before adsorption,V（ V） and Cr（ VI） were respectively reduced to V（ IV）and Cr（ III）,afterwards V（ IV） was oxidized to V（ V） while Cr（ III） remained to exist in the form of Cr3 ＋. The dependence of vanadium adsorption on temperature,solution pH,concentration of ions and contacting time were investigated,and the adsorption conditions were optimized. The results show that the purity of vanadium and chromium final products are respectively about 96% and 93%,and the recovery rate of vanadium and chromium are 72% and 95%,respectively.

关 键 词：沉钒废水 离子交换 分离 钒 铬 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]