血液透析患者医院感染的相关因素分析  

Analysis on related factors for nosocomial infection in hemodialysis patients

作　　者：苏亚华[1] 张艳[2] 李婧波[2] 

机构地区：[1]齐齐哈尔医学院第二附属医院透析室,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006 [2]齐齐哈尔医学院第二附属医院肾内科,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2014年第16期4006-4008,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：齐齐哈尔市科技局研究基金项目(2007-26-7)

摘　　要：目的分析对血液透析患者发生医院感染的相关因素,并针对不同情况提出相应的护理干预方法,确保透析患者的安全。方法回顾性分析2011年8月-2013年8月进行治疗的143例血液透析患者临床资料,分为感染组61例,未感染组82例,对两组患者的年龄、透视时间、住院时间以及各项临床检测指标进行统计分析,探究对患者并发感染相关的因素,并总结针对不同患者采取的护理干预措施,采用SPSS 11.0进行分析。结果感染组的平均年龄(59.7±0.9)岁、住院时间(23.9±1.8)d、透析时间(22.7±7.5)个月、血肌酐(1023±379)μmol/L、C-反应蛋白(7.8±1.9)g/L,均高于对照组,而血红蛋白(73.8±10.5)g/L、血清白蛋白(27.4±6.1)g/L低于对照组,且两组患者各项指标之间的差异均有统计学意义;对感染组患者的各项统计因素分析表明,住院时间、透析时间、血肌酐、C-反应蛋白与感染相关。结论影响血液透析患者并发感染的因素有多种,在对患者治疗过程中应该根据患者的具体情况采取合理的护理干预措施,降低感染率。OBJECTIVE To analyze the related factors for hospital infections in hemodialysis patients and to propose appropriate nursing intervention methods for different situations so as to ensure the safety of dialysis patients.METHODS Clinical data of 143 hemodialysis patients during Aug.2011 to Aug.2013 were retrospective analyzed,the patients were divided into the infected group（n=61）,and the uninfected group（n=82）,the statistical analysis was performed on the patient＇s age,fluoroscopy time,duration of hospitalization and various indicators of clinical tests to explore related factors for concurrent infections,and nursing intervention methods for different patients were summarized.The analysis was conducted with SPSS 11.0.RESULTS The mean age in the infected group was（59.7±0.9）years,duration of hospitalization（23.9±1.8）days,duration of dialysis（22.7±7.5）months,serum creatinine level（1023±379）μmol/L,C-reactive protein level（7.8±1.9）g/L which were higher than the control group,while the serum albumin level of（27.4±6.1）g/L was lower than the control group,and there were significant differences in each indicator between the two groups.The analysis of each statistical factor for the infected group showed that duration of hospitalization,duration of dialysis,serum creatinine,C-reactive protein were associated with infections.CONCLUSION There are various factors influencing concurrent infections in hemodialysis patients,reasonable nursing interventions should be taken based on the specific circumstances of the patients in the course of treatment to reduce infection rates.

关 键 词：血液透析 感染 危险因素 护理干预 

分 类 号：R181.32[医药卫生—流行病学]