平茬建园条件下‘华仲11号’杜仲幼树生长发育特性研究  

Sapling Growth Characteristics of Eucommia ulmoides ‘Huazhong No.11' in Stubble Garden

作　　者：朱景乐[1,2] 杜红岩[1,2] 赵阳[1,2] 孙志强[1,2] 杜兰英[1,2] 李芳东[1,2] 鲁广伟 

机构地区：[1]国家林业局泡桐研究开发中心,河南郑州450003 [2]国家林业局杜仲工程技术研究中心,河南郑州450003 [3]原阳县林业局,河南新乡453500

出　　处：《西部林业科学》2014年第4期61-65,共5页Journal of West China Forestry Science

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD21B0502);农业科技成果转化资金项目(2012GB24320591)

摘　　要：为了揭示‘华仲11号’杜仲在平茬建园条件下植株生长发育规律,对‘华仲11号’杜仲生长及开花情况进行了抽样调查。结果表明,‘华仲11号’杜仲当年生株高、当年生主干基径、总芽数、萌芽力、开花株率及未封顶株树比例的平均值分别为172 cm、15 mm、79个、70.30%、26.0%和76.0%,其生长及开花能力均显著高于对照。‘华仲11号’杜仲幼林中未封顶株树比例为76.0%,封顶株树比例为24.0%,未封顶幼树中开花株率和已封顶幼树中开花株率分别为18.42%和50.0%。相关分析结果显示,当年生主干高与当年生主干基径、芽数、节间长均存在极显著的正相关关系(相关系数为0.553~0.905),而与花芽数和单株开花率存在极显著的负相关关系(相关系数为-0.408^-0.674)。方差分析结果表明,未封顶植株的生长指标显著高于封顶植株,但其成芽及成花能力则显著低于封顶植株。‘华仲11号’杜仲活动芽分为未分化、初级分化、中级分化、完全分化4类,且分化程度自梢部向下逐步降低。‘华仲11号’在平茬雄花园栽培条件下童期较短,定植第二年即可成花;封顶有利于‘华仲11号’成花。本研究揭示了‘华仲11号’杜仲幼林生长发育规律,初步建立区别雄花分化程度的形态标准,为其高产栽培技术的研究奠定理论基础。To reveal the sapling growth characteristics of ‘Huazhong-11’, growth indicators and flower bud differ-entiation of Eucommia were investigated and analyzed through sampling survey.The results showed that group height, diameter, number of buds, sprouting ability, flowering plants, proportion of not capped trees were 172 cm, 15 mm, 79 , 70.30%, 26.0%, 76.0% respectively , and its capacity in growth and flower were signifi-cantly higher than the control seedlings.Proportion of not capped trees and capped trees were 76.0%and 24.0%respectively , and 18.42 %of not capped trees with flower and 50.0% of capped trees with flower.Correlation a-nalysis showed that the group height had very significiant positive relation with diameter , bud number and sprout capacity with correlation coefficient from 0.553 to 0.905, while bud number had significant negative correlation with the flowering rate with correlation coefficient from -0.408 to -0.674）.The analysis of variance showed The growth index of not capped trees was significantly higher than capped trees while the bud differentiation capacity and sprouting ability of not capped trees was significantly lower than capped trees.The activities seedling sprouts of Eucommia ulmoides ‘Huazhong No.11’ were divided into 4 types, such as undifferentiated period , primary dif-ferentiation period , intermediate differentiation period , fully differentiated period and the degree of differentiation reduced from the tip down.This study reveals the variation of Eucommia ulmoides ‘Huazhong No.11 ’ groups, laid the theoretical foundation for high-yield cultivation techniques.

关 键 词：杜仲 '华仲11号’杜仲 花芽分化 萌芽力 

分 类 号：S794.9[农业科学—林木遗传育种]