生物质化学制氢技术研究进展  

Review of hydrogen production from biomass by chemical conversion process

作　　者：陈冠益[1] 孔韡 徐莹[1,2] 李婉晴[1] 马隆龙[1,2] 颜蓓蓓[1] 陈鸿[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300072 [2]中国科学院广州能源研究所,广东广州510640

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（工学版）》2014年第7期1318-1328,共11页Journal of Zhejiang University：Engineering Science

基　　金：国家"973"重点基础研究发展规划资助项目(2012CB215303);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51036006);国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(51106108)

摘　　要：可再生生物质制氢是未来氢能的主要来源,涉及到化学制氢和生物制氢.生物质化学制氢技术包括生物质气化、热解、超临界转化等常规热化学法制氢和生物质解聚液相产物的蒸汽重整、水相重整、自热重整和光催化重整制氢等技术.对以上生物质制氢方法进行了综述,对反应条件、反应机理、催化剂使用、技术经济性及各自存在的优缺点进行分类整理与比较.认为生物质气化制氢及热解制氢技术的发展较成熟,可以实现规模化生产,但是制氢的选择性和产氢率不高;生物质液相产物催化重整制氢技术更适合较大规模的集中制氢,转化率和产氢率高,但技术途径复杂.对生物质制氢技术进行了展望.Hydrogen from biomass is considered to be an important future hydrogen supplier.It usually contains chemical and biological conversion.Conventional thermo-chemical conversion covers gasification,pyrolysis and supercritical process,and catalytic reforming includes steam reforming,aqueous-phase reforming,auto-thermal reforming and photocatalytic reforming process using the liquid products derived from biomass depolymerization.These processes that mentioned above were overviewed and their operating conditions,reaction mechanism,catalysts,economic-technical advantages and disadvantages were compared.Gasification or pyrolytic conversion is approaching industrial scale,but hydrogen selectivity and yield are far from satisfactory.Catalytic reforming process of the biomass-derived liquid product may be applicable to scale-up with high hydrogen selectivity and yield,but technological process is still under development.The future developing direction of biomass to hydrogen development was pointed out.

关 键 词：生物质 制氢 热化学转化 催化重整 

分 类 号：TK6[动力工程及工程热物理—生物能] TQ032[化学工程]