国外突发公共卫生事件应急处置体系及对我国的启示  

Public health emergencies disposal system: International experience and its implications for China

作　　者：施建华[1] 林海江[2] 孙梅[3] 苏忠鑫[4] 陈刚[2] 张建华[5] 周良[3] 宁宁[6] 郝模[3] 

机构地区：[1]上海市徐汇区疾病预防控制中心,上海200231 [2]浙江省台州市疾病预防控制中心,浙江台州318000 [3]复旦大学卫生发展战略研究中心,上海200032 [4]复旦大学公共管理与公共政策研究国家哲学社会科学创新基地,上海2004335 [5]潍坊医学院管理学院,山东潍坊2610536 [6]哈尔滨医科大学卫生管理学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150081

出　　处：《中国卫生政策研究》2014年第7期44-49,共6页Chinese Journal of Health Policy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(71373004;71003025;71303058);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20120071110055);卫生公益性行业科研专项基金(201002028);国家社科基金重点项目(13AZD081);教育部创新团队发展计划(IRT_13R11);复旦大学"985工程"三期整体推进社会科学研究项目(2012SHKXQN008);复旦大学上海医学院应急课题;健康领域社会风险预测治理协同创新中心项目

摘　　要：通过对突发应急工作较完善的美国、亚洲自然灾害较频发的日本以及与我国国情相近的印度突发公共卫生应急体系的系统梳理,明确各国突发应急处置的应急组织体系、运作机制和保障措施等,并总结其特点。结合我国突发公共卫生事件应急处置实际工作中的问题,提出可供我国突发公共卫生应急处置工作的借鉴之处:健全法律依托;加强统一领导,分级负责,综合协调;全面危机教育;完善防护网和监测系统;动态性管理理念。This paper makes a systematic summary of the public health emergency systems of three countries,specifically the United States of America which has a relatively complete emergency response system,Japan,which frequently confront natural disasters,and India,which faces national conditions similar to those of China,so as to define their respective emergency response organization systems,operational mechanisms and supporting measures and summarize their characteristics.Combined with the actual issues that arise in China＇s disposal of public health emergency,suggestions have been proposed for the Chinese public health emergency disposal system as follows：improving legal support,reinforcing central guidance,decentralizing administration and overall administrative coordination,providing comprehensive crisis education,improving safety nets and monitoring systems,and enhancing dynamic management concepts.

关 键 词：突发公共卫生事件 应急处置 国际经验 

分 类 号：R197[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]