芦山地震手术伤员救治分析  

Surgical Treatment Analysis of the Wounded after the Lushan Earthquake

作　　者：田伟[1] 王俐虹 张智慧[3] 蒋健[4] 

机构地区：[1]四川省医学科学院.四川省人民医院,四川成都610072 [2]遂宁市中心医院,四川遂宁629000 [3]四川省卫生执法监督总队,四川成都610041 [4]四川省卫生厅,四川成都610041

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2014年第16期2943-2946,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：863课题(2008AA022501)

摘　　要：目的分析975例芦山地震手术伤员特征,为今后建立自然灾害医疗救援应急预案提供决策参考。方法收集四川省各医院收治芦山地震手术伤员信息,统计手术伤员年龄与性别构成、不同地区震后手术时间分布、不同性别震后手术时间分布。统计分析采用(xs、M、Wilcoxon秩和检验等方法。所有数据分析运用SPSS13.0软件处理。结果全省收治手术地震伤员平均年龄(40.4120.03)岁,男性586例(占60.10%),女性389例(占39.90%)。男性2029岁的手术人数最多,其次是4049岁,分别占男性手术伤员数的23.21%和22.87%;女性4049岁的患者人数最多,占女性手术伤员数的20.31%。地震伤员震后手术时间的中位数为2 d。各地区开展手术治疗时间总体呈现由多到少的变化趋势。收治手术伤员例数最多的地区是雅安市,占全部手术伤员数的39.49%,其次是省直、卫生部驻川医疗机构,占手术伤员数的30.97%。从震后手术时间分布来看,开展手术例数总体呈现逐渐减少的趋势。地震当天伤员开展手术例数最多,占手术患者人数的29.44%,前3 d、前5 d和前7 d分别占手术伤员数的53.85%、75.90%和89.13%。男性和女性震后手术时间差异无统计学意义(Wilcoxon W=185 619.000,Z0.701,P0.483)。结论在面对地震灾害时应尽快建立医疗应急救援机制和预案。地震伤员的手术时间集中在震后1周内,相关手术科室的医务人员应预留床位,及时储备手术所需相关药品、血液和医疗器械,以保障伤员手术救治的及时性和有效性。Objective This study aimed to analyze the surgical characteristics of 975 wounded patients after the Lushan Earthquake in order to provide references for establishing emergency plans for similar natural disasters. Methods The surgical data of the wounded patients after the Lushan Earthquake were collected from various hospitals in Sichuan Province to analyze age and gender composition of the wounded patients, time of surgery after the earthquake in different regions of the affected area and sex difference in time of surgery after the earthquake. The data was analyzed by x ＋ s, M and Wilcoxon rank sum test using the SPSS 13.0 software. Results The average age of the wounded patients was （40.41 ± 20.03） years and there were 586 male cases （60.10%） and 389 female cases （39.90%）. Among male patients, the percentage of patients aged between 20-29 was the largest （23.21%）, followed by those aged between 40-49 （22.87%）. Among female patients, the percentage of patients aged between 40--49 was the largest （20.31%）. The median time of surgery was 2 days after the earthquake. The time of surgery in all regions showed a trend of gradual decline after the earthquake. The city of Ya＇an had the largest percentage of surgical cases （39.49%）, followed by medical institutions directly administrated by the province and the Ministry of Health in Sichuan （30.97%）. Based on operation time distribution after the earthquake, the number of surgical cases showed an overall gradually decreasing trend. Surgical cases on the day of earthquake accounted for 29.44%, the most among all individual days. Cases in the first three days, the first five days and the first seven days accounted for 53.85%, 75.90% and 89.13%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the time of surgery between male and female patients （Wilcoxon W=185619.000, Z=-0.701, P=0.483）. Conclusion In the face of the earthquake disasters, emergency rescue mechanism and medical plans should be established as soon as possible. T

关 键 词：芦山地震 医疗救援 手术 

分 类 号：R197.6[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]