气球法测氡仪在室内氡浓度评价中的应用  

Application of the instrument measuring radon in balloon method to evaluating indoor radon concentration

作　　者：朱国祯 葛良全[2] 李值纯 

机构地区：[1]湖南省职业病防治院,长沙410000 [2]成都理工大学核技术与自动化工程学院,成都610059

出　　处：《核技术》2014年第8期12-16,共5页Nuclear Techniques

基　　金：国家863计划资助项目(No.2012AA061803)资助

摘　　要：借助气球法测氡仪调查成都某高校实验楼内氡浓度大小,并估算楼内氡气所致不同人群的年有效剂量,按照标准《室内氡及其衰变产物测量规范》(GBZ/T 182-2006)中的要求进行布点和剂量估算。结果表明:实验楼的氡浓度的平均值为20.99±13.87 Bq·m-3,符合标准《电离辐射防护与辐射源安全基本标准》(GB18871-2002)中关于室内氡浓度的要求,室内氡浓度的大小与房间建筑面积有一定关系;楼内氡致科研工作者的年有效剂量最高位0.24mSv,低于世界平均值(1.2mSv);楼内氡气致人群的年有效剂量处于正常本底水平,氡及其子体并未造成附加剂量。气球法测氡仪操作简单、便携性好,基于气球法测氡仪的直接刻度方法能在无标准氡室的情况下,计算出测氡仪的刻度系数在误差范围内,用此种方法计算出的刻度系数基本能满足实际测量的要求。Background： The value of indoor radon concentrations is related to the health of public, the measurement and evaluating had been attracting much attention from the scientific researcher. Purpose： The aim is to measure the indoor radon concentrations in a laboratory of university located in Chengdu, and estimate the annual effective dose of radon for researcher and staff. Methods： The measuring site and estimating dose were chosen according to the requirement of Specifications for monitoring of indoor radon and its decay products （GBZ/T 182-2006）. Results： The average radon concentration in the laboratory building is 20.99±13.87 Bq·m^-3, which is conforming to the demands of Basic standards for protection against ionizing radiation and for the safety of radiation sources; the value of indoor radon concentrations is related to the area of the room. The annual effective dose of the science researchers in the laboratory building is 0.24 mSv, which is lower than the world average dose. Conclusion： The annual effective dose of radon people in the laboratory received is in the normal background level; radon and its daughter don＇t bring additional dose. The instrument measuring radon in balloon method is simple in operation and portable; as direct scale based on the instrument can calculate the calibration factor without standard radon chamber, in the range of error, the calibration factor can satisfy the need of actual work.

关 键 词：气球法测氡仪 氡浓度 年有效剂量 

分 类 号：TL77[核科学技术—辐射防护及环境保护]