泾河张家山站径流及其控制流域降雨变化特征分析  

Characteristics of Runoff at Zhangjiashan Hydrological Station and Precipitation in Its Control Catchment

作　　者：陶望雄 贾志峰[1] 刘招[2] 孙菲[1] 

机构地区：[1]长安大学环境科学与工程学院,西安710054 [2]长安大学水与发展研究院,西安710054

出　　处：《长江科学院院报》2014年第8期41-44,共4页Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute

基　　金：高等学校学科创新引智计划项目(B08039);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2010JM5013)

摘　　要：基于泾河张家山水文站实测径流及其控制流域的降雨资料,采用坎德尔(Kendall)秩次相关检验法和R/S检验法分析了该地区年、汛期和非汛期3个时期径流降雨系列的变化趋势及其持续性,并利用不均匀系数对径流降雨系列的年内分配特征进行了分析。结果表明:该地区在各个时期的径流量和降雨量均呈现明显的下降趋势,具有一定的持续性,且年内分配极不均匀,集中程度较高,主要集中在7—9月份,年内分配均匀性无上升或下降趋势,与整体一致。因此,在未来一段时间内,应更加重视提高水资源利用效率,做好防汛抗旱工作。This research is based on measured runoff data at Zhangjiashan Hydrological Station and precipitation data of its control catchment. The trends and sustainability of precipitation and runoff series in three periods （ annual, flood season and non-flood season） are analyzed by using Mann-Kendall test and R/S analysis. Moreover, the eharcteristics of yearly distribution of precipitation and runoff series are analyzed by using non-uniform coefficient. Resuits reveal that the runoff and precipitation series in each three period display obvious and continuous falling trend. The yearly distribution is highly uneven and mainly concentrated in July, August, and September. The uniformity of yearly distribution is in line with the overall situation with no rising or falling trend. Therefore, more attention should be paid to improve the efficiency of utilizing water resources, and to enhance flood control and drought relief work.

关 键 词：径流 降雨 R S检验法 Hurst 分配不均匀系数 

分 类 号：P333.1[天文地球—水文科学]