阶梯-深潭结构潭底压力特征研究  

Characteristics of Pressure at the Bottom of Step-pool

作　　者：黄华东[1,2] 漆力健[2] 余国安[3] 王先义[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆交通大学土木建筑学院,重庆400074 [2]四川农业大学水利与建筑工程系,四川雅安625014 [3]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《长江科学院院报》2014年第8期50-54,共5页Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41001008);四川省教育厅资助项目(12ZB306)

摘　　要：以山区河流天然的阶梯-深潭结构为研究对象,采用k-ε双方程紊流数值模拟方法,研究了不同流量下的阶梯-深潭结构潭底压力特征与河床结构安全相关的性质。4个数模工况实验数据均表明阶梯-深潭结构深潭底压力分布较为均匀,在潭底的压力分布呈现类似圆圈状闭合曲线状形式,保证了潭区压力分布的均匀性和合理性,同时也促进了能量高效均匀耗散。此外,阶梯-深潭结构主动调整潭区结构以及水深分布,形成水垫促进压差分布趋于平稳,阻止了因大流量工况下能量积聚、压力集中对河床结构造成直接被冲毁情形的发生,有利于河床结构的稳定和安全。Numerical simulation based on κ-ε double-equation turbulent model is employed to research the pressure characteristics at the bottom of natural step-pool system in mountainous rivers and the structural safety of riverbed under different flow rates. Four numerical experiments show that pressure distribution at the bottom of step-pool is relatively uniform in the shape of closed curves, which ensures that energy disperses into the mainstream around quickly. Moreover, step-pool system has self-adaptive ability in adjusting the morphology and water depth in the pool area. A water cushion is formed to ensure that the differential pressure distribution becomes stable, thereby preventing the riverbed from being destroyed by direct increase in energy and pressure concentration, which is beneficial to the riverbed＇ s safety and stability.

关 键 词：阶梯-深潭 深潭底部 数值模拟 压力分布 河床稳定 

分 类 号：TV133[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]