红树林地埋管道生态养殖系统细菌群落的变化  

Variations in Bacterial Communities in the Mangrove Underground in situ Pipe Eco-farming System

作　　者：李斌[1,2] 赖廷和[1,2] 张瑜斌[3] 范航清[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]广西红树林保护与利用重点实验室,广西北海536000 [2]广西科学院广西红树林研究中心,广西北海536000 [3]广东海洋大学海洋资源与环境监测中心,广东湛江524088

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2014年第8期26-35,共10页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家海洋公益性行业科研专项项目资助(201305021);广西红树林保护与利用重点实验室开放基金(GKLMC-201201);主任基金(GKLMC-201211)

摘　　要：在一个养殖清管周期内(2012年8月1-15日,共15 d)3次采样,研究了北仑河口红树林区地埋管道生态养殖系统细菌群落的时空变化,并分析了细菌群落结构与主要生态因子之间的关系。结果表明,生态养殖系统管道内的浮游细菌在3次采样间的平均数量变化为第一次>第三次>第二次。第一、二次采样时管道系统内的浮游细菌平均数量大于蓄水池而小于自然海水,而在第三次采样时,管道系统内的浮游细菌平均数量均小于蓄水池和自然海水。根据DGGE图谱,群落多样性指数、丰富度和均匀度同一次采样时在该地埋管道养殖系统中的管道内、蓄水池和自然海区差异不显著(p>0.05),但随着养殖过程的推进,管道内的群落结构指数(多样性指数、均匀度、优势度)下降,表明群落结构简单化。而从优势条带中得到的细菌分类单元为放线菌、α-变形菌、β-变形菌、梭菌、蓝细菌、δ-变形菌纲、ε-变形菌、γ-变形菌和未分类的细菌类群,放线菌在调查过程中一直为优势分类群,而不同采样时间的细菌类群所占的比例各不一样。主成分(PCA)分析显示,硫化物(S2-)可能是影响地埋管道生态养殖系统细菌群落的关键因子。这些研究结果为该生态养殖模式的可持续运转提供了微生物生态学的科学依据。Spatial and temporal variations in bacterial communities were investigated in the underground in situ pipe ecofarming system in mangroves of Beilunhe Estuary within a cycle of cleaning pipes （15days, from Aug. 1, to Aug. 15, 2012）, and the relationship between bacterial communities and main ecological factors was analyzed. Results indicated that the highest average of total bacterial abundance （TBA）was found at the first sampling within the underground pipes, followed by the third and second sampling in turn. The averages of TBA were greater at the first and second sampling within the pipes than in the reservoir and the natural mangroves, while the reverse aspect was observed at the third sampling. Based on the profile of PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis （DGGE）, there were insignificant differences in the diversity index, richness and evenness of bacterial communities at each sampling in this underground pipe eco-farming system （p〉0.05）, however, these parameters of bacterial communities decreased within the pipes along with the process of eco-farming, indicating that the community structures were simplified. According to the sequence analysis of dominant bands, some taxa such as Actinobacteria, Alpha-proteobacteria, Beta-proteobacteria, Clostridia, Cyanobacteria, Delta-proteobacteria, Epsilon-proteobacteria, Gamma-proteobacteria and unclassified_bacterial group were obtained, of which the dominant taxa were always Actinobacteria, and the proportion of bacteria taxa was different from each other at each sampling. Principalcomponent analysis （PCA） revealed that Sz- was possibly considered to be the key ecological factor causing the shifts of bacteria communities. These results provided the scientific data on the microbial ecology for the sustainable performance of the eco-farming pattern.

关 键 词：红树林 地埋管道生态养殖系统 细菌群落结构 时空变化 生态因子 

分 类 号：K172[历史地理—历史学]