鄱阳湖地表水硝酸盐时空变异性及其来源研究  

Spatial and Temporal Variability and Sources of Nitrate in Surface Water in Poyang Lake

作　　者：赵楠芳 李荣昉[1,2] 胡春华[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]南昌大学环境与化学工程学院,江西南昌330031 [2]江西省防汛信息中心,江西南昌330009 [3]南昌大学鄱阳湖环境与资源利用教育部重点实验室,江西南昌330029

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2014年第8期93-98,共6页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2008 zx07526-008-03);国际科技合作资助项目(2006DFB91920);"十一五"国家科技支撑计划重点项目(2007BAB23CO2);国家自然科学基金(40672159;41040032;41261097);鄱阳湖环境与资源利用重点实验室支持项目(13005879;13005870);中国经济改革实施技术援助项目(支援期TCC5 jxspyhzxh09-03)

摘　　要：利用2011年1月和7月鄱阳湖流域地表水中NO3-的质量浓度实测数据,评价NO3-在不同时期的污染状况及空间分布,运用GIS和统计学方法分析NO3-的时空变异特征,结合水化学因子相关关系分析NO3-的主要污染来源。结果表明,在丰水期,鄱阳湖流域地表水NO3-质量浓度为0~33.33 mg/L,在枯水期NO3-质量浓度为0~51.50 mg/L;空间差值分析显示在丰水期,鄱阳湖南湖区NO3-的质量浓度明显高于北湖区,这主要是来源于生活污水、工业废水、农业及养殖业等产生的氮;而在枯水期恰好相反,北湖区NO3-的质量浓度较高于南湖区,主要是受到沿湖周边工业废水的影响;通过运用水化学因子相关关系分析发现,地表水中各监测点Cl-/Na＋和SO42-/Ca2＋变化趋势较相似,说明水体中NO3-的污染来源可能比较单一;研究NO3-/Cl-的变化关系曲线发现在枯水期,水体中NO3-的污染来源主要为污水,而丰水期NO3-的污染来源比较复杂,包括农业非点源污染和渔类珍珠养殖业等。Spatial variation of nitrate concentrations in surface water in Poyang Lake were assessed based on monitoring data from January to July in 2011, and spatial and temporal variability of nitrate contaminant was analyzed using statistical and GIS methods, nitrate sources were examined using a hydro-chemical method as well. Results showed that nitrate-N concentrations of surface water in the wet period were in the range of 0-33.33 mg/L, while in the range of 0~51.50 mg/L in the dry period. Results of interpolation showed that in the wet period, nitrate concentrations in the south of the Lake were obvious higher than that in the north, which were mainly from domestic sewage,industrial wastewater, fertih＇zer application and fishery breeding. In the dry period, the result was contrary that nitrate concentrations in the north of the Lake were obvious higher than that in the south, which was mainly due to the industrial wastewater in the periphery of the Lake. Furthermore, Cl-/Na＋, SO4^2-/Ca2＋ ratios showed that the majority of nitrate-N comes from a single source. The information given by the relation between NO4- concentration and Cl- concentration implied that sewage effluent mainly controlled nitrate distribution in the wet period, but the sources of nitrate in the dry period were very complex, which may include agricultural non-point source and fishery breeding.

关 键 词：鄱阳湖 硝酸盐 时空变异性 

分 类 号：X824[环境科学与工程—环境工程]