公私法接轨模式下无船承运业务的系统性监管  

Systematic Regulation Concerning NVOCC Business in Shipping Market under Integration of Private Law and Public Law

作　　者：马得懿[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学国际航运法律学院,上海200042

出　　处：《国际商务（对外经济贸易大学学报）》2014年第4期104-115,共12页INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS

基　　金：辽宁省社科基金项目"沿海经济带建设中相关法律问题研究"(L12BFX005)

摘　　要：国际航运市场风险复杂性导致现行无船承运业务的监管模式无法应对无船承运业务中的新情况和新问题。各国的实践表明无船承运业务的监管制度具有由单一监管模式向多元监管模式嬗变的趋向。美国无船承运业务监管模式的成熟性具有其内在的因素,这些因素包括诸如成熟的航运系统环境、奉行"保护与垄断"的航运政策、施行动态和多元的监管模式以及"公共承运人"理念根深蒂固。基于国际海运无船承运业务监管的系统性特征的考量,在公私法接轨模式下,构建和完善一个以保证金制度的软化、多元的监管格局、强化保证责任以及承运人特定义务公法化为核心的系统性的监管模式是应对无船承运业务风险的可行方略。The complexity of risk in the international shipping market leads to the inability to cope with new problems in NVOCC business under the current regulatory model. Practices in various countries show that the regulatory regime of NVOCC business has the tendency of shifting from a single regulatory model to a multi-regulatory model. It is known that the mature regulatory model of the US NVOCC business has its intrinsic characteristics, including a sophisticated shipping system environment, the pursue of a ＂protection and monopoly＂shipping policy, the implementation of dynamic and diverse regulatory models and the entrenched concept of ＂common carrier＂, etc. In view of the systemic features of NVOCC business regulation in international shipping, under the public-private law integration mode, it is a feasible strategy to build and improve a softening and diverse regulatory landscape based on the margin system, as well as a systematic regulatory model to strengthen the guarantee liability and target certain obligations of the carrier into the public law as the core to deal with the risk of NVOCC business.

关 键 词：无船承运业务 系统性监管 私法公法接轨 公共承运人 

分 类 号：D996.19[政治法律—经济法学]