中小学教师工作压力、社会支持与职业倦怠的关系  

Relationship among Stress,Social Support and Job Burnout of Primary/Middle School Teachers

作　　者：吕邹沁 凌辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国.湖南师范大学教育科学学院心理系,长沙410081

出　　处：《中国健康心理学杂志》2014年第9期1344-1348,共5页China Journal of Health Psychology

基　　金：湖南省教育厅科学研究项目"中小学教师幸福指数评价体系研究"的资助(编号:13C558)

摘　　要：目的探讨中小学教师工作压力、社会支持、职业倦怠之间的关系。方法采用职业倦怠问卷、工作压力问卷和社会支持问卷对1831名中小学教师进行测查。结果 1教师群体中,男性职业倦怠程度高于女性(F=1.925,P<0.05),不同教龄的教师在成就感低落维度得分和职业倦怠总分上有显著差异(F=5.053,P<0.01;F=2.801,P<0.05),初中教师职业倦怠程度高于小学与高中教师(F=3.253,P<0.05);2工作压力与职业倦怠呈正相关(r=0.27,0.42,0.38,0.49,0.35,0.43,0.28,0.29;P<0.01),与支持利用度呈负相关(r=-0.06,-0.11,-0.53,-0.12,-0.13,-0.10,-0.09,-0.07;P<0.01),社会支持与职业倦怠也呈负相关(r=-0.25,-0.31,-0.22;P<0.01);3中小学教师社会支持在工作压力与职业倦怠之间起部分中介作用。结论工作压力既可以直接影响中小学教师职业倦怠,也可以通过社会支持间接影响职业倦怠。Objective To investigate relationships among burnout ,work sress and social support of primory/middle school teachers . Methods 1831 teachers working at primary school and middle school were assessed by the Maslach Burnout Inventory （MBI）,Work Stress Inventory and Social Support Questionnaire .Results ①Male teachers had more depersonalization and job burnout than female teachers（F=1.925,P〈0.05）,there were significant difference of personal accomplishment and job burnout among teachers with different age of teaching experience （F=5.053,P〈0.01;F=2.801,P〈0.05）,teachers from junior high school had more job burnout than teachers from primary school and senior school （F=3.253,P〈0.05）.②Work stress was positively correlated to burnout （r=0.27, 0.42,0.38,0.49,0.35,0.43,0.28,0.29;P 〈0.01） and negatively correlated to availability of social support （ r =-0.06,-0.11,-0.53,-0.12,-0.13,-0.10,-0.09,-0.07;P〈0.01）,which was also negatively correlated to job burnout （r=-0.25,-0.31,-0.22;P〈0.01）.③Social support had partially mediating effect on the relationship between work stress and job burnout .Conclusion Work stress has direct effect on burnout ,indirect effect on job burnout through social support in primary /middle school teacher .

关 键 词：中小学教师 职业倦怠 工作压力 社会支持 

分 类 号：B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学] C912.6-0[哲学宗教—心理学]