非典型E2F转录因子对细胞周期的调控及其功能  

Atypical E2F Transcription Factors Contributed to Cell Cycle Regulation

作　　者：漆倩荣[1] 杨增明[1] 

机构地区：[1]汕头大学生物系,汕头515063

出　　处：《中国细胞生物学学报》2014年第7期1009-1017,共9页Chinese Journal of Cell Biology

摘　　要：E2F家族转录因子是细胞周期调控网络中的重要环节之一,对细胞的增殖、分化和凋亡进行调节,并参与多种生理和病理过程。近年来,关于哺乳动物中E2F转录因子的生物学作用研究取得了很大进展,并鉴定出两个非典型的E2F家族成员:E2F7和E2F8。与典型的E2F转录因子相比,非典型E2F蛋白结构中含有两个相同的DNA结合域,对靶基因转录的调控不依赖于二聚化蛋白。非典型E2F蛋白进入细胞核后,通过与经典的E2F靶基因启动子结合,发挥转录抑制作用并调节细胞周期的进程,从而对细胞的大小、多倍化、增殖、分化和凋亡进行调控。随着基因敲除模型的建立和完善,使得进一步研究非典型E2F转录因子在不同组织或器官中的生物学作用成为可能。非典型E2F在胚胎发育、血管发生及造血系统中均发挥重要作用。另外,肿瘤细胞中典型E2F和非典型E2F的表达比例发生改变,说明非典型E2F成员还参与肿瘤的发生发展。该文综述了近年来关于非典型E2F转录因子的表达、调节及其生理病理作用的研究进展。E2F transcription factors are important elements in cell cycle regulatory network that regulate cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis, consequently involved in many physiological and pathological pro- cesses. The biological function of E2Fs has been widely investigated in mammals. The recent identified atypical E2F family members of E2F7 and E2F8 in mammals develop a new insight of cellular E2Fs function. Compared to the typical E2Fs, atypical E2F proteins have the duplication of DNA-binding domain and regulate gene expression independent of dimerization partner protein. Nuclear localized atypical E2F proteins act as transcription inhibitory factors on typical E2F-driven target genes and modulate cell cycle progression, and play a crucial role in cell size determination, polyploidization, cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. The establishment and improve- ment of knockout mice model make it possible for us to study the physiological function of atypical E2Fs in specific tissues and organs. Atypical E2Fs function in regulating embryonic development, angiogenesis and hematopoiesis. In addition, change of the expression levels of typical E2Fs and atypical E2Fs correlates with tumorigenesis in humans. This review summarized the latest advances in the studies on expression, regulation and function of atypical E2F transcription factors in physiological and pathological processes.

关 键 词：E2F转录因子 多倍化 增殖 凋亡 

分 类 号：Q343[生物学—遗传学]