辽宁北部典型流域水生态功能区水生态安全评价  

An aquatic ecoregion-based assessment for water ecological security at typical watersheds in the northern areas of Liaoning province

作　　者：魏冉[1,2] 李法云[1,3] 谯兴国 王金龙[1,2] 吕纯剑 

机构地区：[1]辽宁大学环境学院,辽宁沈阳110036 [2]辽宁省水环境生物检测与水生态安全重点实验室,辽宁沈阳110036 [3]辽宁石油化工大学生态环境研究院,辽宁抚顺113001 [4]辽宁(营口)沿海产业基地环境保护局,辽宁营口115003

出　　处：《气象与环境学报》2014年第3期106-112,共7页Journal of Meteorology and Environment

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07505-001);国家自然科学基金(41071317);沈阳市科技局计划项目(F10-205-1-64);国家科技支撑项目(2010BAC69B02-01-04);辽宁省科学技术基金项目(20092013);辽宁省百千万人才工程资助项目(208921082);哈尔滨工业大学城市水资源与水环境国家重点实验室开放基金项目(HC20902)共同资助

摘　　要：基于流域水生态功能区的水生态安全评价是指导流域水生态"分类、分区"综合管理的前提。本文在流域中小尺度上依据水生态空间格局分异的自然特征和社会属性,以辽河流域的清河和凡河支流为对象,在流域水生态功能三级分区的基础上,运用"压力—状态—响应模型"(PSR),通过对流域社会经济压力指标、环境压力指标、城市发展指标、资源环境发展指标、投资指标、治理指标等因素分析,筛选出13个水生态安全评价指标。利用生态安全综合指数法,将流域水生态安全划分为极不安全、不安全、基本安全、安全、非常安全五个级别。其中,清河流域7个水生态功能三级区中Ⅳ-5-9、Ⅳ-5-10、Ⅳ-5-11、Ⅳ-5-12、Ⅳ-5-14区处于基本安全等级,Ⅳ-5-8、Ⅳ-5-13处于不安全等级;凡河流域4个水生态功能三级区中,Ⅳ-5-1、Ⅳ-5-2、Ⅳ-5-3区处于基本安全等级、Ⅳ-5-4区为较安全等级。基于水生态功能区的水生态安全评价和级别划分可为辽河流域水生态保护与水生态管理提供科学依据。An aquatic ecoregion-based assessment for water ecological security can offer a premise for the integrated management guidance of watershed ecological security with the rule of“by type,by region”.Based on the natural features and social attributes of the spatial differentiation of ecological security pattern in basins on small and medium scales,the typical two tributaries in the northern Liaoning province were selected as the study areas,i.e. the Qinghe river and the Fanhe river.On the basis of the third grade aquatic ecoregion,6 elements including socio-economic pressure,environmental pressure,urban development indicators,development of resources and environ-ment indicators,investment indicators,governance indicators were anlayzed and 1 3 indexes were selected according to the pressure-state-response model（PSR）.The ecological security is divided into five grades according to ecological security index by using a comprehensive ecological security index method,and they were specially insecurity, insecurity,basically security,security,special security.At the Qinghe river basin,ecoregion with codes ofⅣ-5-9 ,Ⅳ-5-10,Ⅳ-5-1 1 ,Ⅳ-5-12,Ⅳ-5-14 are basically security grade and those with codes ofⅣ-5-8 andⅣ-5-13 belong to insecurity grade.The ecoregions with codes ofⅣ-5-1 ,Ⅳ-5-2,Ⅳ-5-3 of Fanhe river basin belong to basically security grade,and that with code ofⅣ-5-4 is security grade.The results of aquatic ecoregion-based ecological security and grade division offer scientific references for water ecological protection and overall ecological management in Liaohe river basin.

关 键 词：辽北地区 清河流域 凡河流域 水生态功能分区 水生态安全 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]