中国西部新生代沉积盆地演化  

Evolution of Cenozoic Sedimentary Basins in Western China

作　　者：宋博文[1,2] 徐亚东[2,3] 梁银平[4] 江尚松[2,3] 骆满生[2] 季军良[2,3] 韩芳[2,3] 韦一[2,3] 徐增连[2,3] 姜高磊[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学地质调查研究院,湖北武汉430074 [2]中国地质大学生物地质与环境地质国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430074 [3]中国地质大学地球科学学院,湖北武汉430074 [4]国土资源部实物地质资料中心,河北廊坊065201

出　　处：《地球科学（中国地质大学学报）》2014年第8期1035-1051,共17页Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences

基　　金：中国地质调查局项目(Nos.1212011121261;1212011121036);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(No.CUGL140831);中国博士后科学基金(No.2014M552109)

摘　　要：新生代期间中国西部发生了多次强烈的构造运动,经历了复杂的构造-地貌演化历史.地质构造背景和地球动力学过程则控制了中国西部大陆新生代期间的构造-地貌演化.盆-山系统是中国西部新生代构造的基本格局,盆-岭体系是中国西部新生代的主要地貌单元.根据盆地的几何学、动力学与构造演化特征,中国西部新生代盆地可以划分为压陷盆地、断陷盆地、走滑拉分盆地以及残留海-前陆盆地4类.这些新生代封闭盆地均被造山带所围限,而盆地与山脉之间由挤压型活动断裂(逆冲断层和走滑断层)所分割.新生代以来印度板块与欧亚板块的碰撞以及其后印度板块的向北俯冲挤压,对中国西部新生代沉积盆地的发育和演化产生了重大影响.中国西部新生代盆地构造岩相古地理演化与板块运动和构造隆升之间存在明显的耦合.During the Cenozoic,strong multi-stage tectonic events occurred in western China,which experienced a complex tectonic-geomorphic evolution history.Tectonic setting and geodynamic process determined the tectonic-geomorphic evolutions in the continent of western China.Sedimentary basin-orogen belt systems are the dominant basic structural pattern in western China during the Cenozoic.Basin-range pattern is the major geomorphic unit in western China.According to the geometric,dy-namic features of tectonic evolution of basins,the Cenozoic sedimentary basins in western China fall into four tectonic catego-ries：contractional basin,faulted basin,strike-slip pull-apart basin and remnant sea-foreland basin.These closed geomorphic basins in western China were surrounded by orogenic belts,which are divided by active compressive faults （thrust fault and strike-slip fault）.Both the Indian-Eurasian plate collision and the intracontinental subduction play significant role in the forma-tion and evolution of sedimentary basins in western China.There is a close relationship among the tectonic lithofacies paleogeo-graphic evolution of sedimentary basins,plate movement and tectonic uplift.

关 键 词：中国西部 沉积 构造 盆地演化 新生代 

分 类 号：P544[天文地球—构造地质学]