中杜鹃在3种宿主巢中寄生繁殖  

Brood Parasitism on Three Host Species by Himalayan Cuckoo

作　　者：粟通萍[1] 霍娟[1] 杨灿朝[1] 梁伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]热带动植物生态学省部共建教育部重点实验室海南师范大学生命科学学院,海口571158

出　　处：《动物学杂志》2014年第4期505-510,共6页Chinese Journal of Zoology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.31272328,31260514);海南省创新引进集成专项科技合作项目(No.KJHZ2013-12);教育部科学技术研究重点项目(No.212136)

摘　　要：了解杜鹃对其宿主的选择和寄生情况,能为两者间的协同进化研究提供重要的基础资料。2012和2013年每年的4～8月,在贵州宽阔水国家级自然保护区对不同生境类型中的鸟巢进行搜索监测,记录到4例中杜鹃(Cuculus saturatus)寄生繁殖现象,其宿主分别是暗绿绣眼鸟(Zosterops japonicus)、棕腹柳莺(Phylloscopus subaffinis)和黄喉鹀(Emberiza elegans),其中棕腹柳莺和暗绿绣眼鸟是首次记录到被中杜鹃寄生。中杜鹃卵重(2.39±0.14)g(n=3),体积(2.24±0.18)cm3(n=3),通过T检验方法发现中杜鹃卵极显著大于暗绿绣眼鸟和棕腹柳莺卵(P<0.001),同时在形状上也与两者极不相似,中杜鹃卵呈明显的长椭圆形,与黄喉鹀的卵在大小上无显著差异(P=0.1)。反射光谱的分析结果发现,寄生于不同宿主巢的中杜鹃卵在背景色和斑点上都具有一定差异,这表明中杜鹃的卵可能存在基因族群的分化。Investigation of host selection and parasitism by parasitic cuckoos can provide basic information for further studies in coevolution between cuckoos and their hosts. Brood parasitism on Japanese White-eye（ Zosterops japonicus）, Buff-throated Warbler（ Phylloscopus subaffinis） and Yellow-throated Bunting（ Ermberiza elegans） by Himalayan Cuckoo（ Cuculus saturatus） was recorded by searching and monitoring various birds’ nests in all habitats in Kuankuoshui National Nature Reserve,Guizhou,Southwestern China,during the 2012- 2013 breeding season（ April to August）. Japanese White-eye and Buff-throated Warbler were firstly recorded as host species by Himalayan Cuckoo. The cuckoo eggs are of a long oval shape with（ 2. 39 ±0. 14） g in mass and（ 2. 24 ± 0. 18） cm3 in volume（ n = 3） that significantly bigger than which of Japanese White-eye and Buff-throated Warbler（ T-test,P ＆lt; 0. 001 for both host species）. However,no statistical significance was detected in egg volume between Himalayan Cuckoo and Yellow-throated Bunting（ P = 0. 1）.Spectra analysis of egg reflectance showed that the background color and markings of cuckoo eggs in these three host nests differed from each other,which implied a differentiation of host races or gentes in Himalayan cuckoo.

关 键 词：巢寄生 中杜鹃 棕腹柳莺 暗绿绣眼鸟 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]