四眼斑水龟个体大小和体形的两性异形  

Sexual Dimorphism in Body Size and Shape in the Four-eyed Spotted Turtle Sacalia quadriocellata

作　　者：肖繁荣[1] 史海涛[1,2] 孙亮[1] 

机构地区：[1]海南师范大学生命科学学院,海口571158 [2]中国科学院成都生物研究所,成都610041

出　　处：《动物学杂志》2014年第4期528-535,共8页Chinese Journal of Zoology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.31372228)

摘　　要：研究龟鳖的两性异形对理解形态适应具有重要意义。通过测量41只(21♀,20♂)成体四眼斑水龟(Sacalia quadriocellata)的20个形态特征指标,研究四眼斑水龟个体大小和体形的两性异形。结果表明:除头长、头宽、尾长和尾长肛前段长外,四眼斑水龟其他的形态特征均与背甲长呈正相关。雌性的背甲长、腹甲长、腹甲中线长、腹甲曲线长显著大于雄性;雄性的头长、头宽、后肢长、尾长和尾长肛前段长显著大于雌性;雌雄两性的体重、体周长、前肢长、腹甲宽、肛盾切口长、肛盾切口宽以及除背甲长外的所有背甲形态特征指标均无显著差异。研究结果表明,四眼斑水龟存在个体大小和体形两性异形。Study on sexual dimorphism can be crucial to understanding the morphological adaptation of turtles.In this study,20 morphological traits were measured from 41（ 21 ♀,20 ♂） adult four-eyed spotted turtles（ Sacalia quadriocellata） which collected from Qiongzhong,Hainan for investigating sexual dimorphism in body size and shape. The results showed that the carapace length was larger in females（ t = 2. 26,df = 39,P =0. 029）,and the regression analysis indicated that all of the 20 morphological traits were positively related to carapace length,except for the head length,head width,tail length and preanal tail length. The result of ANCOVA analysis indicated that the plastron length was larger in females（ F1,38= 16. 82,P ＆lt; 0. 001） whilst the hindlimb length was larger in males（ F1,38= 13. 20,P = 0. 001）. In the contrary,the plastron width,forelimb length,body mass,total longitudinal circumference,analia to supracaudal junction and 5 carapace morphological traits did not differ between the sexes. The t-test of regression residual value showed that midline plastron length and curvilinear plastron length were larger in females（ t = 3. 85,df = 39,P ＆lt; 0. 001 and t =2. 62,df = 39,P = 0. 012,respectively）,but the anal notch width did not differ between the sexes. The t-test indicated that head length（ t =- 4. 34,df = 28,P ＆lt; 0. 001）,head width（ t =- 2. 09,df = 28,P = 0. 046）,tail length（ t =- 3. 02,df = 32,P = 0. 005） and preanal tail length（ t =- 4. 35,df = 39,P ＆lt; 0. 001） werelarger in males. These results illustrated that sexual dimorphism in body size and shape did exist in S.quadriocellata.

关 键 词：四眼斑水龟 两性异形 性选择 生育力选择 

分 类 号：Q954[生物学—动物学]