大兴安岭北部天然落叶松林土壤水分空间变异及影响因子分析  

Soil moisture spatial variability and affecting factors of natural larch forest in northern region of Daxinganling Mountains of northeastern China

作　　者：段亮亮[1] 满秀玲[1] 刘玉杰[1] 刘海亮[1] 田野宏[1] 刘茜[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林学院

出　　处：《北京林业大学学报》2014年第4期36-41,共6页Journal of Beijing Forestry University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31170420)

摘　　要：从坡面尺度对大兴安岭北部多年冻土区天然落叶松林的土壤水分空间变异特征以及冠层结构、土壤温度、降雨对土壤水分分布的影响进行了研究。结果表明：自坡上至坡下，0～5cm土层土壤含水量逐渐降低，样带12比样带1降低了19．95％，5～10cm和10～15cm土层土壤含水量随坡位的降低而逐渐升高，从样带1至样带12分别增加15．55％和29．16％；0～15cm土层土壤平均含水量在17．61％～18．77％之间波动，从坡上至坡下有逐渐增大的趋势；坡上和坡下样带垂直变异系数明显高于坡中，样带1、11及12的垂直变异系数最高，分别为10．17％、13．39％及15．02％，属于中等变异程度，而各样带间的水平变异程度很弱；0～5cm土层土壤含水量与叶面积指数和林冠开度分别呈极显著正相关和极显著负相关关系，5～10cm和10～15cm土层土壤含水量与叶面积指数呈极显著负相关关系，而与林冠开度相关性不显著；土壤温度与土壤含水量呈极显著负相关；雨后4d内，各样带土壤含水量均逐渐降低，表层土壤含水量降幅明显大于下层，说明降雨对表层土壤水分影响较大，而对下层土壤水分影响较小。In permafrost zone of northern region of Daxinganling Mountains, characteristics of soil moisture spatial variability and the influence of canopy structure, soil temperature, rainfall on soil moisture distribution of natural larch forest had been researched at the slope scale. The results indicated that soil moisture of 0 -5 cm gradually reduced from upslope to lower slope. Compared sampling belt 12 with sampling belt 1, the soil moisture reduced by 19.95%. The soil moisture of 5 - 10 cm and 10 - 15 cm gradually increased from upslope to lower slope, and the contents of soil moisture increased by 15.55% and 29. 16% respectively. Average soil moisture content of 0- 15 cm fluctuated between 17.61% - 18.77% and had a gradually increasing trend from upslope to lower slope. The vertical variation coefficients of upslope and lower slope were significantly higher than middle slope. The vertical variation coefficients of sampling belt 1, 11, 12 were the highest and respectively 10. 17%, 13.39% and 15.02% , and they belonged to the medium degree of variation. The degree of level variation among sampling belts were very low. The soil moisture of 0 -5 cm had a significant positive correlation with leaf area index（LAI） and a significant negative correlation with diffuse non-interceptance（DIFN）. The soil moisture of 5 - 10 cm and 10 - 15 cm had a significant negative correlation with LAI , but it did not have a significant correlation with DIFN. Soil temperature had a significant negative correlation with soil moisture. The soil moisture of all sampling belts had reduced gradually in the four days after rainfall, the decreasing rate of surface soil moisture was significant larger than that of subsoil moisture, it indicated that the rainfall had a larger influence on surface soil moisture than subsoil moisture.

关 键 词：天然落叶松林 土壤水分 土壤温度 降雨 叶面积指数 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学] S714.5