高原驻防部队官兵焦虑、抑郁情况调查及其与慢性高原病的相关性分析  

A survey of anxiety and depression in servicemen stationed at high altitude and their relation to chronic mountain sickness

作　　者：周琳琳[1] 刘春[2] 陈郁[2] 蔡明春[2] 黄庆愿[2] 高钰琪[2] 

机构地区：[1]第三军医大学高原军事医学系卫生勤务学教研室,重庆400038 [2]第三军医大学高原医学教育部重点实验室、全军高原生理与高原病研究重点实验室,重庆400038

出　　处：《解放军医学杂志》2014年第7期576-580,共5页Medical Journal of Chinese People's Liberation Army

基　　金：全军“十二五”重点课题(EWS11J042);国家重点基础研究发展计划(2012CB518201)~~

摘　　要：目的了解常驻高海拔地区军人焦虑、抑郁发生情况,并探讨其与慢性高原病(CMS)之间的关系。方法随机抽取某军区连续驻高原6个月以上男性军人956名(高原组)及未驻守过高原的男性军人587名(对照组),进行焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)问卷调查及CMS检查,并对结果进行统计学分析。结果根据问卷回收率和有效率,最终高原组858人、对照组538人纳入统计分析。高原组焦虑、抑郁分值均显著高于对照组及中国常模(P<0.05)。高原组中,SAS问卷调查显示焦虑发生率为46.62%,SDS问卷调查显示抑郁发生率为75.87%,均显著高于对照组(分别为1.11%、3.34%,P<0.05)。相关分析显示,SAS、SDS分值与CMS评分、收缩压及脉搏呈显著相关(P<0.05)。结论常驻高原部队焦虑、抑郁发生率显著增高,不仅与高原工作生活的经历有关,还与CMS有关。对常驻高原军人的焦虑、抑郁问题实施心理干预时须加强CMS的防治。Objective To investigate the occurrence of anxiety and depression in officers and soldiers stationed at high altitude, and explore their relation to chronic mountain sickness （CMS）. Methods Nine hundred and fifty-six male servicemen stationed at high altitude longer than 6 months （highland group） and 587 male servicemen who never stationed at high altitude （control group） were randomly selected from a certain military area command, and then self-rating anxiety scale （SAS）, self-rating depression scale （SDS） and CMS diagnoses were surveyed by the use of questionnaire. The results were analyzed statistically. Results A total of 858 and 538 questionnaires in the highland group and control group, respectively, entered the statistical analysis according to the response rate and validity. The scores of anxiety and depression in the highland group were higher than those in the control group and Chinese norm （P〈0.05）. The results of SAS and SDS questionnaires showed that the anxiety rate and depression rate in the highland group were 46.62% and 75.87% respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the control group （1.11% and 3.34%, P〈0.05）. The correlation analysis showed that the SAS and SDS scores were significantly correlated with CMS score, systolic pressure and heart rate （P〈0.05）. Conclusions The incidence of anxiety and depression in army men stationed at high altitude is extremely high, which correlates not only with working and living environment in highland, but also with CMS. It is necessary to prevent and control CMS in order to carry out intervention against anxiety and depression for servicemen stationed at high altitude.

关 键 词：焦虑 抑郁 高原病 军事人员 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]