异迟眼蕈蚊成虫行为学特征及性信息素初步研究  

Adult behavior and a preliminary study of the sex pheromones of Bradyseism difformis

作　　者：张爽[1] 张绍勇[1] 赵应苟[1] 贾进伟[1] 黄俊浩[1] 陈安良[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学生物农药高效制备技术浙江省工程实验室,临安311300

出　　处：《应用昆虫学报》2014年第4期1069-1074,共6页Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology

基　　金：浙江省科技厅公益性项目(2013C32082)

摘　　要：【目的】为了寻求高效无污染的防治害虫异迟眼蕈蚊Bradysia difformis Frey的方法。【方法】本文在人工气候室条件下,采用行为、化学生态学等研究方法,系统观察了异迟眼蕈蚊的羽化节律、交配行为,并对其性信息素进行了初步研究。【结果】异迟眼蕈蚊羽化没有明显的昼夜节律,雌虫在16:00—21:00达到羽化高峰,雄虫羽化高峰出现在17:00—23:00,成虫在光期的羽化数量占总羽化数量的72%。成虫的求偶交配行为多发生在羽化后10 min左右,交尾时间3 min左右。异迟眼蕈蚊雄成虫在"Y"型嗅觉仪中对雌成虫及雌成虫腹部粗提物具有正趋向行为反应(P<0.01),证明异迟眼蕈蚊雌虫释放性信息素。【结论】通过气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)对雌、雄成虫腹部粗提物进行化学分析,得到雌成虫特有的3种化学物质:正十二烷、正十六烷酸、(Z,Z)-9,12-十八烷二烯酸,这些化合物可能是异迟眼蕈蚊雌成虫的性信息素成分。Objectives To find an efficient and pollution-free method to control Bradysia dif ormis Frey. [Methods] Systematic observation of the emergence and mating behaviors of B. difformis and a preliminary study of the chemical ecology of the sex pheromones of this species, including their effects on behavior was conducted under laboratory conditions. [Results] Emergence had an obvious daily rhythm;the peak of female emergence was from 16：00 to 21：00 and that of males was from 17：00 to 23：00. Adults accounted for 72%of the total population during daylight, and could copulate for about 3 minutes ten minutes after emergence. Biological activity tests showed that both female adults and a primary extract of sex pheromone from the female abdomen were attractive to the males （P〈0.01）. [Conclusion] GC/MS was used to analyze the constituents of the primary sex pheromone extracted from adult females. Three potential components of the sex pheromone were found;dodecane, n-Hexadecanoic acid and （z,z）-9,12-octadecadienoic acid.

关 键 词：异迟眼蕈蚊 羽化 交尾行为 “Y”型嗅觉仪 性信息素 

分 类 号：S433[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]