空间圆弧轨迹的矢量描述技术  

Vector description of spatial-arc wellbore trajectory

作　　者：鲁港[1] 佟长海 夏泊洢 余雷 

机构地区：[1]中国石油辽河油田公司勘探开发研究院,辽宁盘锦124010 [2]中国石油集团长城钻探工程有限公司工程技术研究院,辽宁盘锦124010

出　　处：《石油学报》2014年第4期759-764,共6页Acta Petrolei Sinica

基　　金：国家重大科技专项(2008ZX05021-006)资助

摘　　要：为了简化空间圆弧轨迹上任一点井身参数的计算公式,对空间圆弧模型的矢量描述方法进行了研究。以矢量代数为基本的数学工具,从圆弧的基本数学属性和装置角的定义出发,建立了空间圆弧轨迹的矢量描述法。推导出了两套空间圆弧轨迹上任一点的井眼方向矢量、圆弧内法线矢量、矢径等矢量的计算公式,和井斜角、方位角、装置角、定向方位角等参数的计算公式。其中一套公式以圆弧曲率和初始装置角为基本参数,另一套公式以井段两端的井深、井斜角、方位角为基本参数。提出了同时使用装置角的正弦值和余弦值来正确计算装置角的新规则。研究结果表明,提出的新计算公式不仅形式上更加简洁,具有几何直观性,而且可以极大地简化井眼轨迹监控、中靶分析、邻井防碰等计算问题的理论公式推导过程;在软件开发中更易于编程实现,便于代码维护。This study invesitgates vector description of the spatial arc model for simplifying the calculation of wellbore trajectory pa rameters at any point of spatial arc. A vector describption method is established with vector algebra as the basic mathematical tool by starting from the basic mathematical properties of spatial arc and the defination of toolface angle. Two sets of formulas are deduced respecticely for relevant vectors （trajectory direction vector, arc ~ s normal vector, position vector） and parameters （inclination angle, azimuth angle, toolface angle, and directional azimuth angle） at any point of the spatial arc. Basic parameters for first set of formulas are arc-curvature and initial toolface angle, and those for the second set are depth, inclination, azimuth of the end points of the arc. A new rule is proposed for calculation of the toolface angle using sine and cosine of the toolface angle. Compared with the existing formula, the proposed calculation method not only has a concise form with geometric intuition, but also greatly simplifies the calculations of trajectory monitoring, hitting target analysis, and anti-collision derivation. Additinally, it achieves programming implementation more easily and thereby facilitates code maintenance.

关 键 词：钻井理论 定向钻井 井眼轨迹 空间圆弧 矢量代数 

分 类 号：TE243[石油与天然气工程—油气井工程]