疏水缔合聚合物/纳米二氧化硅降滤失剂的研制及作用机理  

Synthesis and mechanism of hydrophobic associated polymer based nano-silica filtrate reducer

作　　者：毛惠 邱正松 沈忠厚 黄维安 钟汉毅 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学石油工程学院,山东青岛266580

出　　处：《石油学报》2014年第4期771-778,共8页Acta Petrolei Sinica

基　　金：国家重大科技专项"大位移井强抑制;高润滑水基钻井液技术研究"(2011ZX05021-004);中国石油大学(华东)自主创新科研计划项目"改性纳米二氧化硅聚合物降滤失剂的研制"(14CX06028A);山东省博士后创新项目"纳米胺类树枝状聚合物页岩抑制剂研制及其作用机理研究"(201303060)资助

摘　　要：以制备的疏水缔合聚合物聚P(AM-NaAMPS-MA-b-St)为聚合物基体,纳米二氧化硅为填料,研制了一种具有核壳结构的疏水缔合聚合物/纳米二氧化硅微纳米降滤失剂FLR-1。借助FT-IR、SEM、TEM、粒径分布与比表面积测试和GPC实验,表征了FLR-1的分子结构、微观形貌特征和相对分子质量。通过API滤失和HTHP滤失实验测试了FLR-1的降滤失性能,探讨了其在水基钻井液中的降滤失作用机理。结果表明:新研制的疏水缔合聚合物/纳米二氧化硅降滤失剂有优异的降滤失作用,尤其是HTHP降滤失效果显著,200℃/16h的HTHP滤失量仅为20.5mL;此外,FLR-1也可显著改善钻井液体系的流变性能,且具有优良的抗盐能力。在高温高压环境下,具有独特微交联结构的FLR-1分子通过化学吸附作用、水化作用、疏水缔合作用及微纳米粒子自组装作用,能较好地稳定钻井液液相黏度,合理保持钻井液中固相粒子的粒径分布,形成薄而致密的泥饼,从而有效控制钻井液的HTHP滤失量。A hydrophobic associated polymer nano-silica filtrate reducer FLR-1 with core-shell structure was synthesized using the ma- trix of block hydrophobic associated polymer P （AM-NaAMPS-MA-b-St） and the filler of nano-silica. The molecule structure, micro-morphological features, and relative molecular weight of FLR-1 were analyzed using FT-IR, SEM, TEM, particle size distribu- tion, and specific surface area analysis combined with GPC experiment. The filtrate reduction property of FLR-1 was further tested via API filtration and HTHP filtration experiments, and the filtration reduction mechanism of FLR-1 in water based mud was finally discussed. The results show that the newly synthesized FLR-1 has excellent filtrate reduction property, with an especially significant effect for HTHP filtrate reduction （HTHP filter loss of 200℃/16 h is 20.5 mL only）. Additionally, FLR-1 significantly improves the rheological properties of drilling fluid system and possesses strong saline-alkaline tolerance. At high temperature and high pres- sure, FLR-1 molecule with special cross-linked structure stabilizes the drilling mud viscosity and keeps the solid particle size distribu- tion reasonably through chemical adsorption, hydration, hydrophobic association, and nano-particle self-assembly. In this way, thin and compact mud cakes are formed, thereby efficiently controlling the HTHP filter loss.

关 键 词：降滤失剂 钻井液 疏水缔合聚合物 纳米二氧化硅 降滤失作用机理 聚合物纳米材料 

分 类 号：TE254.4[石油与天然气工程—油气井工程]