戏剧文学产生于孤魂祭祀说  

A Hypothesis on the Rise of Stories in Chinese Drama,Explaining its Origin from the Standpoint of Rites of Orphan Souls

作　　者：田仲一成[1] 

机构地区：[1]日本东京大学,日本东京1138654

出　　处：《文化遗产》2014年第4期2-16,共15页Cultural Heritage

摘　　要：戏剧角色的舞蹈、唱歌、身段、宾白等都可以说起源于原始祭祀里被神灵凭依的巫觋之狂态中。但组成戏剧最为紧要的故事从哪里来的呢?巫觋代替神灵所说的祝词或嘏辞大致是太简单的,不能认作戏曲故事的前身。本文认为:作为戏曲主题的故事,在晚唐以后发达起来的孤魂祭祀之中,就可以找到其萌芽。尤其是当时水陆画里所描画的孤魂故事之中,可以看到其明证。山西戏台的分布,元杂剧作家原籍的分布都符合于这类水陆画的分布。The dancing and singing,posture and dialogue of a drama role,may originate in the crazy state of the wizards possessed in the primitive worship. But where the drama story came from? The wizards' speech was too simple to be the predecessor of drama story. In this article,the author indicates that as the heart of drama,stories rose from the rites of orphan souls developed after the late Tang dynasty. The proof can be found especially from the orphan souls stories in Shuilu paintings. The distribution of Shanxi stages and the origin of Yuan drama writers were also accorded with this kind of Shuilu painting.

关 键 词：孤魂水陆画 英雄山西戏台 元杂剧 

分 类 号：I207.3[文学—中国文学]