热带气旋各个要素对于海表面降温的影响  

Influences of Tropical Cyclones Parameters on the Sea Surface Temperature Cooling

作　　者：梁朋[1] 管守德 赵玮[1] 张军[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学物理海洋实验室,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第8期11-17,共7页Periodical of Ocean University of China

摘　　要：热带气旋的经过会引起海洋内部强烈的剪切,由剪切不稳定触发的强混合可以将温跃层的冷水卷挟上来,导致海洋混合层加深和海表面温度的下降。本文利用3-Dimensional Price Weller and Pinkel(3DPWP)模式模拟了不同热带气旋下的海表面降温,分别研究了热带气旋各个要素(气旋的强度,最大风速半径和移动速度)对于海表面降温的影响。模拟结果表明,海表面降温的空间分布主要受到气旋移动速度的影响,移动速度越快的降温,右偏现象越明显。海表面降温的幅度以及降温的区域随着气旋强度和最大风速半径的增大而单调递增,随移动速度增加而单调递减。海表面降温与热带气旋3个要素的拟合结果表明,气旋各个要素对于海表面降温影响作用的大小不同:在气旋移动速度较慢(小于4.5m/s)时,海表面降温主要受到气旋级别和移动速度的影响,在气旋移动速度较快(大于4.5m/s)时,气旋移动速度的影响作用减弱,海表面降温主要受气旋级别的影响。气旋最大风速半径的影响作用始终较小。The passing of the tropical cyclones （TCs） usually injects great kinetic energy into the upper ocean and induces strong shear consequently. Then the shear instability evolves intense turbulent mixing, which entrains much colder thermocline water into the mixed layer and leads to the major sea surface temperature cooling （SSTC）. In order to detect the influences of TCs＇ parameters （intensity, radius of maximum wind speed （RMWS） and translation speed iTS）） on the SSTC, the 3DPWP model is used to simulate the SSTC caused by TCs with different parameters. The model results indicate that the spatial distribution of SSTC is mainly determined by the translation speed, and the rightward bias of SSTC caused by fast moving TCs is more distinct than that caused by slowly moving TCs. The ampli- tude and area of SSTC increases monotonically with the increasing RMWS and intensity, and decreases with the increasing translation speed. The fitting result of the SSTC to the three TCs＇ parameters shows that the influences of the three TCs＇ parameters are different, for slowly moving （TS≤4.5 m/s） TCs, SSTC is mainly determined by the intensity and translation speed, however, for fast moving （TS〉4. 5 m/s） TCs, the influence of translation speed decreases and the SSTC is mainly determined by TC intensity. The influence of RMWS is always smaller than the other two parameters.

关 键 词：热带气旋 3DPWP 海表面降温 

分 类 号：P731.11[天文地球—海洋科学]