应用Gash模型对青海高寒区华北落叶松人工林林冠截留的模拟  

Simulation of Canopy Rainfall Interception of the Larix principis-rupprechtii Artificial Forest with the Gash Model in High-cold Areas of Qinghai Province

作　　者：芦新建[1] 贺康宁[1] 王辉[1] 陈超[1] 王世雷[1] 王文义 常小平 赵丽娟 王晓东 安国才 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院,水土保持与荒漠化防治教育部重点实验室,北京100083 [2]青海省大通县宝库林场,西宁810104

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2014年第4期44-48,共5页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金："十二五"农村领域国家科技计划课题"黄河流域土石山区水源涵养林体系构建技术研究与示范"(2011BAD38B0503)

摘　　要：为了解Gash模型在青海高寒区的适用性,选择大通县宝库河流域的华北落叶松人工林作为研究对象,利用调整后的Gash模型对林地林冠截留的观测结果进行模拟,结果表明:研究区华北落叶松人工林林冠饱和持水量S=0.569mm,树干持水能力St=0.010 4mm,树干径流系数pt=0.23%。观测期间降雨量不小于1mm的25场降雨的林冠截留的实测值为57.03mm,占总降雨量的23.34%,模拟值为61.89mm,占总降雨量的25.32%,模拟值比实测值高4.86mm,相对误差8.51%。此结果优于使用原始Gash模型的模拟结果。根据观测期间所有降雨的模拟截留结果,林冠截留损失最主要的部分是林冠饱和后的蒸发,占截留损失总量的63.62%,所占比例最少的是树干蒸发,仅为截留损失总量的0.30%。研究结果表明Gash模型在该地区具有较好的适用性。In order to verify applicability of the Gash model in high-cold areas of Qinghai province, the canopy rainfall interception of Larix principis-rupprechtii artificial forest in Baokuhe watershed was studied during May to Sept. 2013 and the interception was simulated by revised Gash model. The results showed the canopy capacity（S） of Larix principis-rupprechtii in the study area was 0. 569 ram, the trunk water store S, was 0. 010 4 ram, and the proportion of rainfall which diverted to the trunks as stemflow （Pt） was 0.23%. The measured canopy rainfall interception for rains no less than 1 mm during the experiment was 57. 03 ram, which amounted to 23. 34% of the whole rainfall, while, the simulated value by revised Gash model was 61.89 ram, which amounted to 25.32% of the whole rainfall. The simulated value was 4.86 mm higher than the measured value, the relative error was 8.51%. The simulating result of revised Gash model was better than that of the initial Gash model. Simulated interception for all the rains showed the evaporation from satu- ration until rainfall ceases played a most important role in the total interception loss of Larix principis-rup- prechtii artificial forest, and it reached 63.62%. The minimum part was the evaporation from trunks, which was only 0.30%. The results showed Gash model had a good applicability in the study area.

关 键 词：Gash模型 华北落叶松 林冠截留 高寒区 人工林 

分 类 号：S715.2[农业科学—林学]