制炭条件对生物炭碱性基团含量及酸性土壤改良效果的影响  

Effects of Pyrolysis Condition on Basic Group of Biochar and Amelioration of Acid Soil

作　　者：赵牧秋[1,2] 金凡莉 孙照炜 史云峰[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]琼州学院生物科学与技术学院,海南三亚572022 [2]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,沈阳110016

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2014年第4期299-303,309,共6页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金项目(312101);省基金配套项目(2013PT24);三亚市院地科技合作项目(2012YD24)

摘　　要：采用不同粒径（〉0.5,0.25∽0.5,〈0.25mm）的4种原材料（椰糠、木薯秸秆、桉树枝、猪粪）,通过不同热解温度（300,400,500,600℃）炭化不同时间（1,2,3,5h）制备生物炭,探讨制炭条件对生物炭碱性基团含量的影响,并探索生物炭改良酸性土壤pH的影响因素。结果表明,不同制炭条件所制备的生物炭均呈碱性,碱性基团含量范围为0.40∽1.05mmol/g。不同原材料生物炭碱性基团含量呈现猪粪〉木薯秸秆〉椰糠〉桉树枝的规律。随着热解温度的升高、热解时间的延长及原材料粉碎粒度的减小,生物炭碱性基团含量呈增加趋势。研究还表明,添加生物炭能显著提高酸性土壤pH,其改良酸性土壤的能力随碱性基团含量的增加而增强。原材料粉碎粒度减小、热解温度升高和热解时间延长及用量增加,均能有效提升生物炭改良酸性土壤pH的效果。The effects of pyrolysis condition on basic group of biochar and the influence factors to improve pH of acid soil by biochar under different particle size of raw materials （〉0.5,0.25-0.5,〈0.25 mm） ,different sources of biomass materials （coir dust sources, cassava source, eucalyptus source, swine manure source）, different pyrolysis temperature （300,400,500, 600 ℃） and different pyrolysis time （1,2,3,5 h） were investi- gated. The result showed that all biochars under different pyrolysis condition were alkaline, the content of basic group was 0. 40-- 1. 05 mmol/g. The basic group of different biomass materials was swine manure source〉cassava source〉coir dust sources〉eucalyptus source. The content of basic group increased with increasing of pyrolysis temperature, extending of pyrolysis time and decreasing of particle size of raw materials. It suggested that biochar could improve pH of acid soil significantly with increasing of the content of basic group. The improvement effects of acid soil increased with decreasing of particle size of raw materials, increasing of pyrolysis temperature, extending of pyrolysis time and increasing of biochar dosage.

关 键 词：生物炭 碱性基团 酸性土壤 制炭条件 

分 类 号：S153[农业科学—土壤学]