大丽轮枝菌致病力与寄主棉苗落叶的相关性  

The Relationship between Leaf-defoliation of Cotton Seedlings and Pathogenicity of Verticillium dahliae

作　　者：冯自力[1] 李志芳[1] 朱荷琴[1] 赵丽红[1] 师勇强[1] 王玲飞[1] 刘义杰[2] 杨家荣[2] 

机构地区：[1]国家棉花生物学重点实验室/中国农业科学院棉花研究所,河南安阳455000 [2]西北农林科技大学植保学院/旱区作物逆境生物学国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2014年第8期85-91,共7页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：转基因生物新品种培育重大专项课题(2011ZX08011-002);国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD08A07)

摘　　要：以棉花黄萎病菌强致病力菌株Vd084、Vd082和弱致病力菌株Vd001为供试菌株，以耐病品种中棉所35和感病品种冀棉11为鉴别寄主，采用蛭石沙土无底纸钵定量蘸菌液体法，首先明确棉花黄萎病菌致病力与落叶间的关系，然后采用大丽轮枝菌落叶型菌株特异引物D-1／D-2和非落叶型菌株特异引物ND-1／ND2对供试菌株进行分子检测。结果表明，1×10^7mL-1的常规接种量下，3个菌株均能导致棉苗出现落叶；与弱致病力菌株相比，强致病力菌株出现落叶的时间早3d，且落叶株率高。在接种量为1×10^5～1×10^7mL-1，强致病力菌株的落叶株率显著高于弱致病力菌株，当接种量达到1×10^8mL-1时，强致病力菌株和弱致病力菌株间差异不明显。3个菌株在耐病品种上的落叶株率（28．8%）显著低于感病品种（37．7％）。分子检测表明，2个强致病力菌株Vd084和Vd082为落叶型菌株，弱致病力菌株Vd001为非落叶型菌株。结果显示，该2对引物检测出的非落叶型菌株Vd001在温室苗期人工接种条件下仍能导致棉苗落叶。可见，对于落叶型棉花黄萎病菌的检测还需要建立更完善的方法，尤其是模拟大田间条件的检测方法更为重要。In order to explore the method for detection of defoliating V.dahliae,three Verticillium dahliae isolates from cotton,two strong pathogenic isolates（Vd084and Vd082）and one weak pathogenic isolate（Vd001）,were selected to inoculate Zhongmiansuo 35 and Jimian 11 seedlings which are tolerant and susceptible to V.dahliae respectively in the greenhouse.And specific primers（D-1/D-2,ND-1/ND-2）for defoliating and non-defoliating V.dahliae primers were used to detect all of the isolates.Results showed that all three isolates could lead to leaves fallen under the inoculation amount of 1×10^7 spores per milliliter.Compared with weak pathogenic isolate,the strong pathogenic isolates resulted in 3days earlier defoliation of cotton-seedling leaves and exhibited higher leaf-defoliation rate.Under the inoculation amount of 1×10^5-1×10^7 spores per milliliter,the leaf-defoliation rate ofstrong pathogenic isolates was significantly higher than that of weak one.However,there was no significant difference between strong and weak pathogenic isolates,under the inoculation amount of 1×10^8 spores per milliliter.The defoliation rate of tolerant variety was significantly lower（28.8%）than that of susceptible variety（37.7%）caused by these three V.dahliae isolates.Based on the PCR results,the strong pathogenic isolates（Vd084and Vd082）were identified as defoliating isolates and weak pathogenic isolate Vd001 as non-defoliating isolate.The non-defoliating isolate Vd001 certificated by molecular tests also led to leaf defoliation under the manual inoculation in greenhouse.So,the detection of leaf-defoliating V.dahliae isolates needs more perfect method to establish,especially to imitate the field condition.

关 键 词：大丽轮枝菌 落叶型棉花黄萎病 分子检测 生物测定 

分 类 号：S435.621.2[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]