阜新矿区不同植被恢复模式下煤矿废弃地土壤养分特征  

Soil Nutrient Characteristics for Different Vegetation Restoration Models in an Abandoned Area of Fuxin Coal Mine

作　　者：赵韵美[1] 樊金拴[1] 苏锐[1] 郑涛[1] 杨季君 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学林学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]彬县林业局,陕西咸阳713500

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2014年第8期210-216,共7页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：陕西省科技攻关计划"煤矸石废弃地人工植被建设技术研究"(2005K01-G18-04)

摘　　要：为研究煤矿废弃地在不同植被恢复模式下土壤的pH值、有机质和速效养分等特征，设置6种不同人工植被恢复模式，以附近荒草裸地为对照，于2005年6月采集土壤剖面〉0～20和〉20-40cm样品，测定土壤pH，有机质和速效养分含量等。结果表明，供试的6种植被恢复模式土壤pH为6．16～7．58，均小于荒草裸地。土壤有机质和速效养分含量均随深度增加而递减，且相对于荒草裸地含量明显提高，沙棘＋紫穗槐混交林模式土壤有机质含量最高，与其他模式差异显著（P〈0．05），土壤速效氮含量较高，但土壤速效钾含量最低。白榆＋紫穗槐混交林模式土壤速效磷含量最高，上下层分别为3．72和3．08mg／kg。菊芋林模式土壤速效氮和速效磷含量最低，但其速效钾含量较高。几种植被恢复模式均能有效改善土壤养分特征，其中沙棘＋紫穗槐混交林恢复模式效果最为明显。该矿区植被恢复建议采用沙棘＋紫穗槐＋刺槐＋菊芋混交林模式。The effects of different vegetation restoration models on soil pH value,organic matter content and available nutrients content were studied in this paper.In the abandoned area of Fuxin coal mine,we selected six vegetation restoration models and collected soil samples at the0-20 cm and20-40 cm soil layers in June of 2005,analyzed soil pH value,organic matter content and available nutrients content in comparison with the bare land.Results show that soil pH value under the several vegetation restoration models was less than the bare land,ranged from 6.16 to 7.58.Soil organic matter and available nutrient content was more than the bare land,and decreased with soil deep increased,the mixed plantation of Robinia pseudoacacia and Amorpha fruticosa had the highest content of soil organic matter,there were significant differences with other models（P〈0.05）,the soil available nitrogen content was higher,but the soil available potassium content was the lowest.The mixed plantation of Ulmus pumila and Amorpha fruticosa had the highest content of soil available phosphorus,3.72 and 3.08mg/kg for the〉0-20 cm and〉20-40 cm.The pure forest of Helianthustuberosus had the lowest content of soil available nitrogen and available phosphorus,but the available potassiumcontent was high.Several vegetation restoration models all increased remarkably in soil nutrient characteristics.The effect of the mixed plantation of Robinia pseudoacacia and Amorpha fruticosa was the best.In conclusion,the mixed plantation of Robiniapseudoacacia,Amorpha fruticosa,Robinia pseudoacacia and Helianthus tuberosus was suggested for vegetation restoration of the mining area.

关 键 词：废弃地 植被恢复模式 土壤养分 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学]