广州大气二噁英污染水平及其季节变化特征  

Pollution Levels and Seasonal Variability of Atmospheric PCDD/Fs in Guangzhou

作　　者：苏原[1,2] 张素坤[2] 任明忠[2] 杜国勇[1] 青宪[2] 苏青[3] 

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学化学化工学院,四川成都610500 [2]环境保护部华南环境科学研究所,广东广州510655 [3]湖南师范大学资源与环境科学学院,湖南长沙410081

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2014年第8期813-819,共7页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家环境保护公益性行业科研专项(2011467001)

摘　　要：为了解广州环境空气中二噁英的污染发展趋势与季节变化,应用高分辨率气相色谱-高分辨质谱仪（HRGCHRMS）对广州6个区域大气样品中的17种2,3,7,8-PCDDFs含量进行了分析.结果表明：2010─2011年广州大气ρ（二噁英）（以毒性当量浓度计）在112-5 620 fgm3之间.背景区、住宅区、商业区和交通区的大气ρ（二噁英）年均值较接近,分别为356、323、370、461fgm3,范围分别为38-1 568、80-1 528、90-650、171-1 157 fgm3;郊区与工业区的大气ρ（二噁英）年均值相对较高,分别为571和2 000 fgm3,范围分别为54-2 967、265-10 676 fgm3.与2004─2005年广州市区环境空气污染水平相比,市区（居住区、商业区、交通区）大气ρ（二噁英）变化不大,而郊区和工业区的值有明显增加.除工业区监测点外,广州秋、冬、春、夏季大气ρ（二噁英）分别为331、402、629、191 fgm3,春季值较高与大气污染及不利气象条件在春季出现频率较高有关.The pollution levels and seasonal dynamic changes of polychlorinated dibenzo（ p） dioxin and furan（ PCDD/Fs） in the ambient air of Guangzhou were investigated. High-resolution gas chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry was applied to detect and analyze seventeen 2,3,7,8-substituted PCDD/Fs contents in ambient air samples from six monitoring sites during all four seasons. The results showed that the toxic equivalents（ TEQs） of the atmospheric PCDD/Fs ranged from 112 fg/m3to 5,620 fg/m3in 2010 and 2011.Few differences were observed in the average atmospheric PCDD/Fs TEQs at the background,residential,commercial and traffic sites,which were 356 fg/m3（ 38-1,568 fg/m3）,323 fg/m3（ 80-1,528 fg/m3）,370 fg/m3（ 90-650 fg/m3） and 461 fg/m3（ 171-1,157 fg/m3）,respectively. By contrast,the average atmospheric PCDD/Fs TEQs in the suburban and industrial sites were considerably higher： 571（ 54 -2,967 fg/m3） and2 000（ 265-10,676 fg/m3） fg/m3,respectively. The atmospheric PCDD/Fs TEQs in the urban areas（ residential,commercial and traffic sites） only slightly differed from the data obtained in 2004 and 2005. However,increases in the suburban and industrial areas were observed. Atmospheric PCDD/Fs ∑ TEQs for all sites except the industrial site in autumn,winter,spring and summer were 331,402,629 and 191 fg/m3,respectively. High atmospheric PCDD/Fs TEQs occurred in spring. The seasonal distribution of atmospheric PCDD/Fs TEQs in Guangzhou may be due to atmospheric pollution diffusion,and may also be related to the adverse effects of meteorological conditions that often occur in spring.

关 键 词：广州 大气环境 二噁英 季节性变化 

分 类 号：X5[环境科学与工程—环境工程]