交会对接航天员训练电视图像仿真  

TV Image Simulation for Rendezvous and Docking Training of Astronauts

作　　者：晁建刚[1,2] 王金坤[1] 陈学文[1,2] 张炎[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国航天员科研训练中心,北京100094 [2]中国航天员科研训练中心人因工程重点实验室,北京100094

出　　处：《载人航天》2014年第4期319-324,共6页Manned Spaceflight

摘　　要：以航天员对接过程电视图像仿真为应用背景,研究了近地空间复杂光环境下电视摄像机曝光成像特性和人的视觉成像感知特性,提出了一种基于GPU延迟着色模式下的空间图像浮点纹理着色、光饱和特效、调光和高动态映射显示的电视图像实时渲染方法。采用浮点纹理、高斯模糊等方法实现了逼真源成像和特效渲染;基于降采样的图像平均亮度统计,采用光源亮度和像素亮度两种调节模式实现了实时调光仿真,应用色调映射实现了目标图像的视觉感知高动态渲染显示。经工程验证,仿真图像与实飞图像一致,可以满足航天员训练,具有很好的工程应用价值。Aiming at the simulation of TV image used in astronaut rendezvous and docking mission training, the authors studied the exposure characteristics of vidicon camera applied in near-earth space with complex illumination environment and the perception characteristics of human vision , then put forward a GPU （ Graphics Processing Units ） deferred shading method for image rendering which could real-time process the float texture shading , saturation effects , luminance adjustment and tone mapping for high dynamic display .By applying the float texture model and the Gaussian blur , the high fidelity pre-rendering and special effects were achieved .Based on the downsampling method for average luminance calculation , real-time luminance adjustment was realized through turning of light-source illumination and pixel luminance , and then high dynamic range display was realized through tone mapping .The simulation results showed that the rendering images have the same effects as the images of the real-flight, the method can meet the requirements of astronaut training and has a promising engineering application prospect .

关 键 词：电视图像 高动态范围 延迟着色 交会对接 调光 渲染 

分 类 号：TP391.9[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]