稻属植物谷粒形态和稃面乳突结构研究  

Study of grain morphology and lemma papilla in Oryza

作　　者：裔传灯[1] 黄正金 徐中根[1] 周卫东 韦存虚[1] 顾铭洪[1] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室/教育部植物功能基因组学重点实验室,江苏扬州225009 [2]扬州大学测试中心,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《扬州大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2014年第2期53-58,共6页Journal of Yangzhou University：Agricultural and Life Science Edition

基　　金：江苏省高校优势学科建设工程项目(2010-10);扬州大学科技创新培育基金项目(2012CXJ059);扬州大学大学生科技创新基金项目(B11061)

摘　　要：对稻属植物18个种的谷粒形态和稃面乳突结构进行观察。结果表明:谷粒形态在稻种间差异较大,亚洲栽培稻、非洲栽培稻、普通野生稻、尼瓦拉野生稻、南方野生稻、展颖野生稻和巴蒂野生稻谷粒的长、宽和厚较大,短药野生稻谷粒的长/宽比最大。乳突类型在稻属组间差异较大,组内较稳定。亚洲栽培稻、非洲栽培稻、普通野生稻、尼瓦拉野生稻、南方野生稻、展颖野生稻、巴蒂野生稻、药用野生稻、根茎野生稻、高秆野生稻、宽叶野生稻和澳洲野生稻的外稃有双峰乳突,斑点野生稻、小粒野生稻和紧穗野生稻的外稃有多峰乳突,马来野生稻的外稃有单峰乳突,短药野生稻的外稃有凹痕乳突,颗粒野生稻的外稃有瘤峰乳突。颗粒野生稻外稃表面没有稃毛,短药野生稻和马来野生稻外稃稃毛较少,紧穗野生稻、高秆野生稻、斑点野生稻、澳洲野生稻、宽叶野生稻、小粒野生稻和药用野生稻外稃稃毛在外稃边缘较多,而中部较少,其余稻种外稃大多密布稃毛。The grain morphology and lemma papilla were observed in 18 species of Oryza. The results showed that the grain morphology showed significant difference among interspecies of Oryza. The length, width and thickness of grain was larger in O. sativa, O. glaberrima, O. ru fipogon, O. nivara, O. meridionalis, O. glumaepatula and O. barthii. The ratio of length/width of grain was largest in O. brachyantha among Oryza. The lemma papilla structure showed significant difference among intersection and stability intrasection. The lemmas of O. sativa, O. glaberrima, O. rufipogon, O. nivara, O. meridionalis, O. glumaepatula, O. barthii, O. o f ficinalis, O. rhizomatis, O. alta, O. Lati f olia and O. Aus- traliensis showed bi-peak papilla. The lemmas of O. punctata, O. minuta and O. eichingeri showed multi-peak papilla. The lemmas of O. ridleyi, O. brachyantha and O. granulata showed simple-peak, trace-peak and warty-peak papilla, re- spectively. The lemma of O. granulata had no lemma hair. The lemmas of O. brachyantha and O. ridleyi had sparse lemma hair. The lemmas of O. eichingeri , O. alta , O. punctata , O. australiensis, O. lati f olia , O. minuta and O. o f f icinalis had dense hair on the margin and sparse hair in the middle of lemma. The lemmas of other species of Oryza had dense lemma hair.

关 键 词：稻属 谷粒 外稃 乳突 稃毛 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]